Cuticular hydrocarbons of dampwood termites,Zootermopsis: Intra- and intercolony variation and potential as taxonomic characters

Haverty, Michael I.; Page, Michael Le; Nelson, Lori J.; Blomquist, Gary J.

doi:10.1007/bf01018791

Cited by 81 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes Cuticular hydrocarbon phenotyping of the eight colonies identified two different hydrocarbon profiles corresponding to Z. n. nevadensis and Z. n. nuttingi as reported previously by Haverty et al (1988). In agreement with the distributional data (Thorne et al, 1993), all Z. n. nuttingi colonies were located northwest of McCloud, CA, and all Z. n. nevadensis colonies southeast of Hat Creek, CA ( Figure 1 and Table 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Specimens collected and stored in 95% ethanol were returned to the Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, for genetic analysis. Live specimens from eight sites (indicated in Table 1) were sent to Michael Haverty (USDA Forest Service, Berkeley, CA, USA) for hydrocarbon analysis (Haverty et al, 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the two Z. nevadensis subspecies are morphologically indistinguishable but display subspecies-specific cuticular hydrocarbon profiles (Haverty et al, 1988;Haverty and Thorne, 1989). No diagnostic genetic differences have been reported for the two Z. nevadensis subspecies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Population structure and colony composition of two Zootermopsis nevadensis subspecies

Aldrich

Kambhampati

2007

Heredity

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Understanding the origin and maintenance of eusociality in termites has proved problematic, in part, due to a lack of knowledge concerning the variability and evolutionary changes in termite breeding structure. One way to address this is to compare the population genetics of a broad range of termite species. However, few studies have investigated the population genetics of basal termite taxa. We used 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci to characterize and compare the colony genetic structure of 18 colonies of two basal termite subspecies, Zootermopsis nevadensis nevadensis and Zootermopsis nevadensis nuttingi. The average relatedness (r ) among individuals within a colony was high (0.59) and similar to values reported for other termite species. Average relatedness between colony founders was lower (0.21) suggesting the alates outbreed. Genotypes of workers and soldiers in 4 out of the 18 colonies were consistent with reproduction by a single pair of primary reproductives and the remaining colonies were inferred to have been derived from more than two reproductives. Eleven colonies with three or more reproductives were consistent with replacement reproductives (neotenics) and the remaining three colonies included genetic contribution from three or more primary reproductives. Comparisons between the subspecies revealed significant differences in breeding structure, specifically in the number and types of reproductives (that is, primaries or neotenics). Furthermore, we observed a larger proportion of colonies with greater than three primary reproductives compared to more derived termite lineages. Thus, our results suggest that breeding structure can vary significantly among termite taxa.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population structure and colony composition of two Zootermopsis nevadensis subspecies

Aldrich

Kambhampati

2007

Heredity

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“…Temperature of the culturing room was maintained at 218C. The collected termites belong to the subspecies Zootermopsis nevadensis nuttingi according to location and cuticular hydrocarbon spectrum [49,50]. In 2009, colonies were shipped from Arizona, USA, to Germany and then kept under the same conditions as in the USA until behavioural observations started.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brood care and social evolution in termites

et al. 2012

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Cooperative brood care is assumed to be the common driving factor leading to sociality. While this seems to be true for social Hymenoptera and many cooperatively breeding vertebrates, the importance of brood care for the evolution of eusociality in termites is unclear. A first step in elucidating this problem is an assessment of the ancestral condition in termites. We investigated this by determining the overall level of brood care behaviour across four termite species that cover the phylogenetic diversity of the lower termites. Brood care was low in the three species (all from different families) that had an ancestral wood-dwelling lifestyle of living in a single piece of wood that serves as food and shelter. In the fourth species, a lower termite that evolved outside foraging, brood care was more common. Together with data for higher termites, this suggests that brood care in termites only becomes important when switching from a wood-dwelling to a foraging lifestyle. These results imply that early social evolution in termites was driven by benefits of increased defence, while eusociality in Hymenoptera and cooperative breeding in birds and mammals are primarily based on brood care.

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“…in Howard & Blomquist 2005). Only a few papers, however, have focused on inter-caste differences (Howard et al 1982;Haverty et al 1988Haverty et al , 1996Watson et al 1989;Brown et al 1996;Bagnères et al 1998;Sevala et al 2000) and none has addressed in detail the reproductive status of individuals. Very recently, two independent studies observed CHC patterns specific to functional neotenics and concluded that in termites CHCs could also be involved in fertility signalling or caste regulation (Liebig et al 2009;Weil et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond cuticular hydrocarbons: evidence of proteinaceous secretion specific to termite kings and queens

et al. 2009

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In 1959, P. Karlson and M. Lü scher introduced the term 'pheromone', broadly used nowadays for various chemicals involved in intraspecific communication. To demonstrate the term, they depicted the situation in termite societies, where king and queen inhibit the reproduction of nest-mates by an unknown chemical substance. Paradoxically, half a century later, neither the source nor the chemical identity of this 'royal' pheromone is known. In this study, we report for the first time the secretion of polar compounds of proteinaceous origin by functional reproductives in three termite species, Prorhinotermes simplex, Reticulitermes santonensis and Kalotermes flavicollis. Aqueous washes of functional reproductives contained sex-specific proteinaceous compounds, virtually absent in non-reproducing stages. Moreover, the presence of these compounds was clearly correlated with the age of reproductives and their reproductive status. We discuss the putative function of these substances in termite caste recognition and regulation.

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Cuticular hydrocarbons of dampwood termites,Zootermopsis: Intra- and intercolony variation and potential as taxonomic characters

Cited by 81 publications

References 10 publications

Population structure and colony composition of two Zootermopsis nevadensis subspecies

Population structure and colony composition of two Zootermopsis nevadensis subspecies

Brood care and social evolution in termites

Beyond cuticular hydrocarbons: evidence of proteinaceous secretion specific to termite kings and queens

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