Cutaneous Vasculitis and Central Nervous System Infarctions due to Varicella Zoster Virus Vasculopathy in an Immunocompromised Patient

Rosario, Karen Flores; Michelis, Katherine C.; Bjorkman, Carol; Araj, Faris G.

doi:10.1155/2020/5049627

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2023

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“…This typically starts with pain, tingling, or itching preceding the development of the unilateral rash. Shingles can be associated with complications including post-herpetic neuralgia, ophthalmologic disease, motor dysfunction (such as Bell’s palsy), transverse myelitis, and vasculitis [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemorrhagic Stroke Due to Varicella Zoster Virus Vasculopathy

Hofstrand¹,

Portela²,

Juneau³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vasculopathy is a granulomatous vasculitis that has a wide variety of clinical presentations. It is most common in patients with HIV not on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) with low cluster of differentiation (CD)4 cell counts. This disease affects the central nervous system and can cause small intracranial bleeds. Our patient presented with stroke-like symptoms in the setting of recent VZV reactivation in the ophthalmic distribution with HIV on ART. Her MRI scan showed a small punctate bleed and the CSF workup was consistent with VZV vasculitis. She was treated with 14 days of acyclovir and five days of high-dose steroids with clinical improvement to baseline.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%