Cutaneous Tuberculosis : A Clinico-morphological Study

Arora, Sandeep; Arora, Geetika; Kakkar, Sunita

doi:10.1016/s0377-1237(06)80104-8

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…[ date [8,9]. We report this case of papulonecrotic tuberculid for its rare association with scrofuloderma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Papulonecrotic Tuberculid with Scrofuloderma: An Uncommon Association

Gupta

2015

JCDR

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A 35-year-old male presented to our institution with one year history of asymptomatic, dark coloured elevated lesions over trunk and both extremities, with two month history of painless, discharging sinus in the right axilla. Lesions first started as asymptomatic, skin coloured to erythematous papules over both knees and elbows which subsequently developed necrosis and crusting in the centre and healed with pitted scarring. New crops of lesions continued to appear over a period of one year with predominant involvement of the extremities and few lesions scattered over trunk. Each crop of lesions healed rapidly with central crusting and atrophic scarring. Ten months after the onset of skin lesions, he developed a painless non tender, 2x2cm sized nodule over right axilla which ruptured within 15 d forming a sinus with serosanguinous discharge. There was no personal or family history of tuberculosis.Examination revealed dusky red to brown coloured pea sized necrotizing papules along with atrophic varioliform scars present symmetrically over trunk and extremities, with predilection for knees and elbows [Table/ Fig-1]. A 2x2 cm sized firm, non tender, subcutaneous indurated nodule was seen in the right axillary area, with central discharging sinus having bluish undermined edges [Table /Fig-2]. aBstRaCtCutaneous tuberculosis can be classified as true cutaneous tuberculosis and tuberculids which is regarded as a hypersensitivity reaction to M. tuberculosis in patients with a high degree of tuberculin sensitivity. Papulonecrotic tuberculid (PNT) is a form of tuberculid. It is an uncommon manifestation even in areas with high prevalence of tuberculosis.We report a case of 35-year-old man who presented with necrotizing papules in symmetrical fashion over the trunk and extremities for last one year along with a discharging sinus in right axilla for last two months. Papulonecrotic tuberculid (PNT) with scrofuloderma were suspected on clinical examination. Mantoux test was strongly positive with 20x20mm. He was treated successfully with ATT without any further appearance of new lesions.

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“…[ date [8,9]. We report this case of papulonecrotic tuberculid for its rare association with scrofuloderma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Papulonecrotic Tuberculid with Scrofuloderma: An Uncommon Association

Gupta

2015

JCDR

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“…Prevelances of parasites and yeasts. Arora, 2009). The appearance of yeasts in faecal specimens is therefore usually ignored unless they are detected in large numbers, in which case, they are regarded as opportunistic pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditions which lead to yeast overgrowth include prolonged intake of antibiotics, immune -suppressive chemotherapy or immune depression due to other diseases (Forbes et al, 2001;Tessema, 2008). Cryptosporidium and yeasts cause the same type of diseases in humans and animals with symptoms including non-bloody, watery diarrhoea (Tessema, 2008;Upton, 2008;Arora and Arora, 2009). Also, both yeasts and Cryptosporidium appear round to oval in shape and refractile in microscopy (Cheesbrough, 2005;Upton, 2008), and are therefore presumptively identified as yeasts in wet examinations, in many laboratories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In routine laboratory analysis, effort is rarely made to distinguish these two organisms. Moreover, there is a general belief that Cryptosporidium infections occur mostly in HIV patients (Arora and Arora, 2009;Morgan et al, 2000). Based on this, 30 samples yielding yeast-like organisms were initially scored as yeast-positive in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intestinal parasites such as Cryptosporidium and fungal organisms like yeasts have been associated with gastrointestinal disturbances and other biological disorders including diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting, waist pain and anaemia (Arora and Arora, 2009;Tessema, 2008). Infections by Cryptosporidium and yeasts have also been associated with immune depression (Upton, 2008;Cheesbrough, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and other intestinal parasites using different diagnostic techniques in Enugu Metropolis, South-Eastern Nigeria

Ukwah¹,

Ezeonu²

2012

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite and the aetiologic agent of a gastrointestinal disease, known as cryptosporidiosis. In this study, a total of 300 faecal samples were collected and analysed for the presence of Cryptosporidium, yeasts and other parasites using direct normal saline, iodine wet preparations, formol-ethylacetate concentration and modified Ziehl Neelsen staining techniques. Using direct normal saline and iodine wet preparation techniques, a total of 25(8.3%) samples out of 300 were positive for Cryptosporidium and yeasts, but the use of formol-ethylacetate concentration increased the number of positive samples for Cryptosporidium and yeasts to 30 (10%). Further application of modified Ziehl Neelsen staining technique to sediments differentiated the aetiologic agents into Cryptosporidium 6 (20%) and yeast-positive 24 (80%). The prevalence of other parasites encountered in this study include; Giardia lamblia, 1 (0.3%); Blastocystis hominis, 1 (0.3%); Entamoeba histolytica, 13 (4.3%); Clonorchis sinensis, 2 (0.7%); Hookworm, 6 (2%); Ascaris lumbricoides, 3 (1%) and Balatidium coli, 1 (0.3%). Thus, the application of only routine wet preparation was less predictive and resulted in 21.7% misdiagnosis (1.7% undetected plus 20% misdiagnosed as yeast). This study buttresses the need for the confirmation of every suspected yeast infection as may be detected in wet examination of faecal specimens, to avoid misdiagnosis. The study also indicates the importance of formol-ethyacetate sedimentation technique in the detection and diagnosis of yeasts, Cryptosporidium, B. hominis and other parasites from stool samples.

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Recurrent cutaneous tuberculosis in an immunocompetent 7-year-old male

Galvis

Jaiswal²,

Pecson³

et al. 2018

IDCases

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Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) makes up a small proportion of the 10.4 million cases around the world. Although it is more commonly found in the developing world, cutaneous TB is rarely reported in the developed countries. It is fairly challenging to diagnose without histological examination. In this report, we present an immunocompetent 7-year-old male with a complex medical history diagnosed with cutaneous Mycobacterium tuberculosis after multiple ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) revisions. This case of cutaneous TB in an immunocompetent patient is remarkable in its uncharacteristic presentation with no obvious source of TB infected contacts or travel history.

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Cutaneous Tuberculosis : A Clinico-morphological Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Papulonecrotic Tuberculid with Scrofuloderma: An Uncommon Association

Papulonecrotic Tuberculid with Scrofuloderma: An Uncommon Association

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and other intestinal parasites using different diagnostic techniques in Enugu Metropolis, South-Eastern Nigeria

Recurrent cutaneous tuberculosis in an immunocompetent 7-year-old male

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