Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (<scp>SCC</scp>): “What's the problem?”

Knottenbelt, Derek C.; Croft, J. S.

doi:10.1111/eve.12926

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In horses, ocular SCC has a low metastasis rate ranging from 0 to 18.6% (King et al 1991;Mosunic et al 2004). Most commonly, when ocular SCC metastasises, this occurs in regional lymph nodes and salivary glands or into the thorax (Elce et al 2011;Mair et al 2015), since in horses lymphatic metastasis is more common than haematogenous spread (Knottenbelt and Croft 2018). Local aggressive invasion to adjacent tissue, for example soft tissue, bony structures, sinuses and brain, has been described (Eversole and Lavach 1978;Kaps et al 2005;Elce et al 2011;Newkirk et al 2014;Knottenbelt and Croft 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commonly, when ocular SCC metastasises, this occurs in regional lymph nodes and salivary glands or into the thorax (Elce et al 2011;Mair et al 2015), since in horses lymphatic metastasis is more common than haematogenous spread (Knottenbelt and Croft 2018). Local aggressive invasion to adjacent tissue, for example soft tissue, bony structures, sinuses and brain, has been described (Eversole and Lavach 1978;Kaps et al 2005;Elce et al 2011;Newkirk et al 2014;Knottenbelt and Croft 2018). Distant metastasis is rare in horses, and when they occur, it is usually in soft tissues including the mediastinum, bronchial lymph nodes and the lungs (Bacon et al 1996;Mair et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skeletal metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma of the nictitating membrane in a Haflinger horse

Preux

Gurtner

Klebic

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Education

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A 12-year-old Haflinger gelding with a history of a persistent cough was referred for evaluation of a severe lameness of the left forelimb. An excision of the right nictitans had been performed 2 years prior to presentation, and a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with embolic neoplastic cells in several blood vessels had been confirmed by histopathology. The origin of the lameness could not be localised with regional analgesia; therefore, a nuclear scintigraphic examination was performed. This revealed an area of marked increased radiopharmaceutical uptake at the level of the caudodorsal border of the left scapula. Further examination, including ultrasound-guided biopsy of the suspect region, confirmed the presence of SCC invading the scapula. Due to poor a prognosis, the horse was subjected to euthanasia. Prior to euthanasia, the gelding was tested homozygous for the missense variant in the damage-specific DNA-binding protein 2 (DDB2) gene, which is reported as a risk factor for the development of nictitans SCC in Haflinger horses. Postmortem evaluation revealed multiple SCC metastasis, affecting the scapula, the liver and the lungs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of bone metastasis following a primary periocular SCC in a horse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma of the nictitating membrane in a Haflinger horse

Preux

Gurtner

Klebic

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Objawy kliniczne. Do wczesnych objawów raka płaskonabłonkowego oka i oczodołu zalicza się przekrwienie w obrębie spojówki lub rogówki (4), a także szara lub kremowa powierzchnia spojówki opisana jako leukoplakia (4,17). Na tym etapie może pojawić się także płytka dysplastyczna, czyli pierwszy etap transformacji komórek w komórki nieprawidłowe, który może prowadzić do powstania komórek nowotworowych (6,29).…”

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“…Diagnostyka, rozpoznanie i możliwości leczenia. Raka płaskonabłonkowego oka u konia można wstępnie rozpoznać na podstawie obserwacji i badania szczegółowego oka, ogólnej morfologii i lokalizacji guza, biorąc pod uwagę czynniki predysponujące (4,26), jednak ostateczne rozpoznanie stawiane jest na podstawie badania histopatologicznego wycinka guza pobranego podczas biopsji, szczególnie we wczesnych jego stadiach (17). Na jego podstawie można stwierdzić charakter zmian patologicznych, rozrost nabłonka i stopień jego zrogowacenia (6).…”

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Squamous cell carcinoma of an eyelid in a horse: A case report

Górski¹,

Turek²,

Drewnowska³

et al. 2021

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The aim of this report is to describe a clinical case of squamous cell carcinoma in an 18-year-old horse. This tumor is one of the most common superficial oncological problems in these animals. A lesion in the lateral corner of the eye was already observed about 10 years earlier, but due to the lack of significant growth or alarming symptoms, no diagnostics or treatment was implemented. A year before surgery, an episode of acute inflammation in the eye and a slight enlargement of the nodule occurred. Initially, an autoimmune origin of the lesion was assumed, but anti-inflammatory and bactericidal treatment did not lead to a significant improvement. As a result of sampling for histopathological examination, the tumor doubled its volume, so, given the inefficacy of the subsequent anti-inflammatory and antibiotic therapy, the horse was sent to the clinic. A convex, painful lesion partially covering the cornea was found on arrival. In view of the rapid growth of the tumor and its infiltration of surrounding tissues, a decision was made to carry out transpalpebral enucleation. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia and with an additional retrobulbar block. Because of significant tissue tensions and the risk of hematoma, an intermittent horizontal mattress suture was used. The area was secured with a compression dressing. The horse returned to sport, and no recurrence of the tumor was observed up to 7 months after surgery. Histopathological examination confirmed squamous cell metaplasia forming keratin pearls, characteristic of squamous cell carcinoma.

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Equine Ocular Examination and Treatment Techniques

Dwyer¹,

Henriksen²

2022

Equine Ophthalmology

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): “What's the problem?”

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Skeletal metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma of the nictitating membrane in a Haflinger horse

Skeletal metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma of the nictitating membrane in a Haflinger horse

Squamous cell carcinoma of an eyelid in a horse: A case report

Equine Ocular Examination and Treatment Techniques

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