Cutaneous sarcoidosis and secondary open-angle glaucoma in a patient: case report and literature review

Abstract

The current report presents the case of a 41-year-old male patient with a two-month history of asthenopia and plaques in the frontotemporal region. Computed tomography revealed bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Ophthalmological examination showed elevated intraocular pressure. Skin biopsy demonstrated aa dermal inflammatory infiltrate composed mainly of epithelioid cells and a few multinucleated giant cells, but no obvious lymphocytes. Findings of thorough physical examinations and auxiliary examinations suggested the presence of cutaneous sarcoidosis and secondary open-angle glaucoma. Treatment consisted mainly of oral methylprednisolone. Skin lesions, bilateral hilar, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy resolved completely. Cutaneous sarcoidosis is often accompanied by extracutaneous organ involvement. Dermatologists must be aware of the disease's extracutaneous manifestations to ensure accurate diagnosis for further treatments.

Glaucoma and Systemic Disease

“…Dermatologic manifestations of cutaneous sarcoidosis can include papules, plaques, subcutaneous nodules, lupus pernio, infiltration of scarring, alopecia, and ulcerative lesions. While dermatologic manifestations are usually a sign of chronic sarcoidosis, there are no correlations between skin findings and the degree of systemic involvement in sarcoidosis [33]. Ocular sarcoidosis classically presents as anterior uveitis which can lead to uveitic glaucoma, discussed in more detail in the section Inflammatory/Autoimmune and Infectious Diseases.…”