Cutaneous pseudolymphoma associated with molluscum contagiosum: a case report

Abstract

We report an unusual case of molluscum contagiosum associated with pseudolymphoma in an otherwise healthy young woman. She presented with a 2‐week history of a rapidly enlarging painful umbilicated nodule behind her right ear. With the clinical presentation suspicious for a tumoral lesion, we decided to remove it surgically. Histological examination showed a florid cellular infiltrate surrounding a typical lesion of molluscum contagiosum. The infiltrate was composed of small to large pleomorphic lymphocytes. However, clonal TCR rearrangement could not be demonstrated. As far as we know this is the first case where the clinical picture is shown.

Molluscum contagiosum infection with features of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma

“…The most commonly encountered clinical settings for CD30+ PSL in a review of 28 cases of by Werner et al included viral infections by parapox (8 cases), herpes (8 cases), and molluscipox (3 cases) viruses and drug reaction [3,5]. Furthermore, CD30+ PSL in association with parapox virus mediated MC is reported in several pediatric and adult patients (Table 1), [6][7][8][9]. In the case of our patient, the presence of medium to large atypical CD30+ CD4 T cells adjacent to molluscum bodies was consistent with diagnosis of MC associated CD30+ PSL.…”

“…A more exuberant inflammatory lymphomatoid reaction consisting of CD30+ cells can sometimes be seen in association with MC [5][6][7][8][9]. When a CD30+ lymphomatoid infiltrate develops in association with MC, there is a potential to misdiagnose the infiltrate as a malignant CD30+ Abstract CD30+ T cell pseudolymphomas (CD30+ PSL) are a group of benign inflammatory cutaneous disorders that can develop in settings of viral infections or drug reactions.…”

Indolent cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma presenting as cutaneous lymphocytosis in dogs

“…CL has best been characterized in humans. It encompasses a heterogeneous group of lymphocytic proliferations considered by most investigators to be a reaction pattern that reflects a localized immunological response to a range of stimuli including drugs, arthropod‐bites, contactants or infectious diseases such as borreliosis, leishmaniosis or Molluscum contagiosum 1,2,8,10,25 . However, because a direct association with antigen stimulation cannot be substantiated in many cases, the lesions are often referred to as idiopathic CL.…”

“…Cutaneous lymphocytosis (CL), cutaneous pseudolymphoma, cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia, lymphocytoma cutis and lymphoid dyscrasia are terms used to refer to a heterogeneous group of lymphoid proliferations in the skin of humans 1–10 . Typically, CL is considered the result of a persistent antigenic stimulation of either T or B cells.…”

Viral diseases

“…103 Molluscum folliculitis is an uncommon pattern seen mainly in immunocompromised persons. [108][109][110][111] In one case, the atypical cells were CD8 + T lymphocytes with scattered CD30 + cells. 105 The molluscum bodies are present within the follicular epithelium.…”