Cutaneous Papillomatosis in a Dog with Malignant Lymphoma following Long-Term Chemotherapy

Lucroy, Michael D.; Hill, F. W.; Moore, Peter F.; Madewell, Bruce R.

doi:10.1177/104063879801000412

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…In pugs, genetic factors rather than viruses are thought to be primarily responsible for pigmented papillomas 22 . There are reports identifying viral antigen in papillomas using immunoperoxidase‐stained anti‐COPV antibody 22,23 . In the present study, we were unable to demonstrate the possible presence of viral antigen because of the lack of a commercially available anti‐COPV antibody.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Azithromycin therapy of papillomatosis in dogs: a prospective, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial

Yağci

Ural²,

Öcal

et al. 2008

Veterinary Dermatology

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Azithromycin, an azalide subclass macrolide antibiotic, is an effective, well-tolerated and safe therapeutic option for treatment of papillomatosis in humans. This study reports the clinical and histopathological results from a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 17 dogs of various breeds with diagnosis of oral (n = 12) and cutaneous papillomatosis (n = 5) treated with azithromycin. Papillomas appeared as whitish, verrucous, hyperkeratotic papules 1-2.7 mm in size. The cases were randomly assigned to azithromycin (n = 10) and placebo treatment groups (n = 7). Both owners and investigators were blinded to the allocation to the groups. Azithromycin (10 mg/kg) was administered per os every 24 h for 10 days. Clinical evaluations were done by the same investigator throughout the trial. Azithromycin treatment significantly decreased clinical scores (P < 0.001), whereas there was no change seen in the placebo group. In the azithromycin treatment group, skin lesions disappeared in 10-15 days. One case in the placebo had spontaneous regression of its papillomas by day 41, but lesions were still evident at day 50 in the remaining six cases. There was no recurrence of papillomatosis in the azithromycin treated dogs (follow up 8 months). No adverse effects were seen in either group. In conclusion, azithromycin appears to be a safe and effective treatment for canine papillomatosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Azithromycin therapy of papillomatosis in dogs: a prospective, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial

Yağci

Ural²,

Öcal

et al. 2008

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…[29][30][31] If an old dog develops papillomas, an immunodeficiency should be considered. [32][33][34][35] When injury to the superficial squamous epithelium occurs, the virus reaches the exposed basal layer where it infects and alters the keratinocytes. When these cells divide, the virus multiplies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suggested causes for these nonregressive infections include infection by multiple PV types, cellular immunity defects, humoral immunosuppression, and concurrent systemic diseases. 11,[32][33][34][35] Basic laboratory data including complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry (CHEM), urine analysis (UA), and serum protein electrophoresis should be performed. 11 Diagnostic imaging such as radiology and ultrasound can be considered to rule out subclinical pathologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant Transformation of a Canine Papillomavirus Type 1-Induced Persistent Oral Papilloma in a 3-Year-Old Dog

Ibarra¹,

Legendre²,

Munday

2018

J Vet Dent

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This case report describes a rare case of a persistent canine papillomavirus type 1 (CPV-1)-induced oral papilloma that underwent malignant transformation into an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a 3-year-old Labrador retriever cross. Initially, the patient had multiple and multifocal verrucous lesions populating the oral cavity exclusively. The papillomas persisted despite multiple surgical ablations, azithromycin, interferon α-2b, alternative medicines, and off-label drug use of an immunostimulant. After 1 year and 6 months, an aggressive lesion developed at the level of the left mandibular first molar (309) and progressed to a well-differentiated invasive OSCC. The presence of CPV-1 DNA in the OSCC, and the known oncogenic abilities of CPV-1, suggests that this virus might have played a significant role in the emergence of the OSCC that ultimately led to the patient's euthanasia due to poor quality of life. This is the first well-documented case where OSCC has developed from an oral papilloma caused by CPV-1 in which the presence of coinfection by another papillomavirus was excluded by multiple polymerase chain reaction tests using various primers.

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“…In dogs, immunoglobulin deficiency and immunosuppression have been associated with the development of PV-containing skin lesions. [12][13][14][15] The risk factors for the development of adult-onset canine cutaneous papillomatosis, however, are not well understood. There may be an association between endocrine disease and cutaneous papillomatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant transformation of a putative eyelid papilloma to squamous cell carcinoma in a dog

Wiggans

Hoover

Ehrhart

et al. 2012

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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A 6-year-old female spayed Chihuahua was presented for the evaluation of generalized pigmented cutaneous masses, one of which was present on the lower right eyelid. The dog was not on immunosuppressive medications and did not have historical or laboratory evidence of underlying endocrine disease, including hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction of a cutaneous biopsy from the left antebrachium containing representative lesions confirmed viral papillomatosis. Additionally, histopathology of the antebrachial mass revealed regions of epithelial dysplasia suggestive of possible early transformation to malignancy. Over the course of 5 months, the mass on the right lower eyelid progressed to encompass and efface the majority of the eyelid margin. Additionally, the eyelid tumor had changed from an ovoid, brown pigmented mass to an irregular, flesh-colored mass. At the dog's last recheck examination, a corneal ulcer had developed beneath the irregular dorsal margin of the tumor. Histopathology of the eyelid mass was consistent with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and was positive for the presence of papillomavirus using polymerase chain reaction. This report describes the transformation of a putative viral eyelid papilloma into a malignant SCC in an adult dog.

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Cutaneous Papillomatosis in a Dog with Malignant Lymphoma following Long-Term Chemotherapy

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Azithromycin therapy of papillomatosis in dogs: a prospective, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial

Azithromycin therapy of papillomatosis in dogs: a prospective, randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial

Malignant Transformation of a Canine Papillomavirus Type 1-Induced Persistent Oral Papilloma in a 3-Year-Old Dog

Malignant transformation of a putative eyelid papilloma to squamous cell carcinoma in a dog

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