Cutaneous Painful Laser Stimuli Evoke Responses Recorded Directly From Primary Somatosensory Cortex in Awake Humans

Ohara, Shuichi; Crone, Nathan E.; Weiss, Nirit; Treede, Rolf‐Detlef; Lenz, Frederick A.

doi:10.1152/jn.00912.2003

Cited by 89 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In Table 1, these dipole locations are compared in Talairach coordinates (Talairach and Tournoux 1988) with those for the SEP in the same patients, as reported in the companion paper (Baumgärtner et al 2010). This table shows that sensorimotor generators of LEP are consistently medial to the SEP generators, which is consistent with EEG and MEG studies (Kanda et al 2000;Ohara et al 2004b;Ploner et al 1999bPloner et al , 2000Ploner et al , 2002.…”

Section: Lep and Current Source Densitysupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We now test the hypothesis that the generators of the LEP in S1 are located within human Brodmann area 1 or 3A (Ohara et al 2004b). We have employed subdural recordings that apply unprecedented resolution and clarity to our approach to this hypothesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter observations were partially based upon the predictions of a computerized guidance system (Brainlab, Westchester, IL). The electrophysiological localization of the central sulcus was carried out by SEP N20 -P20 polarity reversal, as in previous studies (Ohara et al 2004b;Baumgärtner et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex

Baumgärtner

Vogel

Ohara

et al. 2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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The cortical potentials evoked by cutaneous application of a laser stimulus (laser evoked potentials, LEP) often include potentials in the primary somatic sensory cortex (S1), which may be located within the subdivisions of S1 including Brodmann areas 3A, 3B, 1, and 2. The precise location of the LEP generator may clarify the pattern of activation of human S1 by painful stimuli. We now test the hypothesis that the generators of the LEP are located in human Brodmann area 1 or 3A within S1. Local field potential (LFP) source analysis of the LEP was obtained from subdural grids over sensorimotor cortex in two patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. The relationship of LEP dipoles was compared with dipoles for somatic sensory potentials evoked by median nerve stimulation (SEP) and recorded in area 3B (see Baumgärtner U, Vogel H, Ohara S, Treede RD, Lenz FA. J Neurophysiol 104: 3029–3041, 2010). Both patients had an early radial dipole in S1. The LEP dipole was located medial, anterior, and deep to the SEP dipole, which suggests a nociceptive dipole in area 3A. One patient had a later tangential dipole with positivity posterior, which is opposite to the orientation of the SEP dipole in area 3B. The reversal of orientations between modalities is consistent with the cortical surface negative orientation resulting from superficial termination of thalamocortical neurons that receive inputs from the spinothalamic tract. Therefore, the present results suggest that the LEP may result in a radial dipole consistent with a generator in area 3A and a putative later tangential generator in area 3B.

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Section: Lep and Current Source Densitysupporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex

Baumgärtner

Vogel

Ohara

et al. 2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…2e in Edwards et al, 2005;Fig. 5 in Crone et al, 2001a; see also Satow et al, 2003 and Table 3 in Ohara et al, 2004). Also movement related ECoG potentials can be of 50 μV to above 100 μV amplitudes (Ikeda et al, 1992;Kunieda et al, 2000;Satow et al, 2003;Yazawa et al, 2000), but there are also examples of movement related ECoG potentials of smaller amplitudes, often below 10 μV and sometimes even below 5 μV (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Signal quality of simultaneously recorded invasive and non-invasive EEG

et al. 2009

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Both invasive and non-invasive electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings from the human brain have an increasingly important role in neuroscience research and are candidate modalities for medical brainmachine interfacing. It is often assumed that the major artifacts that compromise non-invasive EEG, such as caused by blinks and eye movement, are absent in invasive EEG recordings. Quantitative investigations on the signal quality of simultaneously recorded invasive and non-invasive EEG in terms of artifact contamination are, however, lacking. Here we compared blink related artifacts in non-invasive and invasive EEG, simultaneously recorded from prefrontal and motor cortical regions using an approach suitable for detection of small artifact contamination. As expected, we find blinks to cause pronounced artifacts in noninvasive EEG both above prefrontal and motor cortical regions. Unexpectedly, significant blink related artifacts were also found in the invasive recordings, in particular in the prefrontal region. Computing a ratio of artifact amplitude to the amplitude of ongoing brain activity, we find that the signal quality of invasive EEG is 20 to above 100 times better than that of simultaneously obtained non-invasive EEG. Thus, while our findings indicate that ocular artifacts do exist in invasive recordings, they also highlight the much better signal quality of invasive compared to non-invasive EEG data. Our findings suggest that blinks should be taken into account in the experimental design of ECoG studies, particularly when event related potentials in fronto-anterior brain regions are analyzed. Moreover, our results encourage the application of techniques for reducing ocular artifacts to further optimize the signal quality of invasive EEG.

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“…Thus, for any given CC location, only one single contact per electrode track and per subject was used to assess response latency and voltage. We purposely avoided to pool data from all contacts showing similar peaks (Ohara et al, 2004a) because this may significantly blur interregional differences by averaging different latency values in the same individual.…”

Section: Stereotactic Localization Of the Cingulate Lepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel Processing of Nociceptive A-δ Inputs in SII and Midcingulate Cortex in Humans

Frot¹,

Mauguı̀ere²,

Magnin³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

137

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The cingulate cortex (CC) as a part of the "medial" pain subsystem is generally assumed to be involved in the affective and/or cognitive dimensions of pain processing, which are viewed as relatively slow processes compared with the sensory-discriminative pain coding by the lateral second somatosensory area (SII)-insular cortex. The present study aimed at characterizing the location and timing of the CC evoked responses during the 1 s period after a painful laser stimulus, by exploring the whole rostrocaudal extent of this cortical area using intracortical recordings in humans. Only a restricted area in the median CC region responded to painful stimulation, namely the posterior midcingulate cortex (pMCC), the location of which is consistent with the so-called "motor CC" in monkeys. Cingulate pain responses showed two components, of which the earliest peaked at latencies similar to those obtained in SII. These data provide direct evidence that activations underlying the processing of nociceptive information can occur simultaneously in the "medial" and "lateral" subsystems. The existence of short-latency pMCC responses to pain further indicates that the "medial pain system" is not devoted exclusively to the processing of emotional information, but is also involved in fast attentional orienting and motor withdrawal responses to pain inputs. These functions are, not surprisingly, conducted in parallel with pain intensity coding and stimulus localization specifically subserved by the sensory-discriminative "lateral" pain system.

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Cutaneous Painful Laser Stimuli Evoke Responses Recorded Directly From Primary Somatosensory Cortex in Awake Humans

Cited by 89 publications

References 84 publications

Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex

Dipole source analyses of laser evoked potentials obtained from subdural grid recordings from primary somatic sensory cortex

Signal quality of simultaneously recorded invasive and non-invasive EEG

Parallel Processing of Nociceptive A-δ Inputs in SII and Midcingulate Cortex in Humans

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