Cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis are protozoan infections transmitted by the bite of female sandflies. This tropical disease affects 700 000 to 1 million new individuals annually. 1 Close to 20 species of Leishmania, belonging to 2 main subgenera (Leishmania and Viannia), are involved in human leishmaniasis. Cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis mainly occur in the Americas (New World leishmaniasis), as well as in the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East and Central Asia (Old World leishmaniasis).The clinical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis depends on various factors, including the acquired species, strains and virulence factors, as well as host characteristics, such as age, gender and immune status. 2,3 The lack of awareness of this disease among physicians in nonendemic countries, as well as varied clinical manifestations, may result in delayed diagnosis. 4