Cutaneous Melanoma Metastatic to the Orbit

Greene, Daniel P.; Shield, David R.; Shields, Carol L.; Shields, Jerry A.; Servat, Juan Javier; Lin, Chris J.; Douglass, Alexzandra M.; Fulco, Enzo; Levin, Flora

doi:10.1097/iop.0000000000000075

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…described the largest case series with 11 patients whilst Greene et al . reported the greatest number of cases of identical primary pathology (six patients, melanoma).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no predominance of right‐ or left‐sided involvement in our pooled data. The literature for orbital metastasis had been somewhat mixed regarding lateralization; however, a recent combined analysis confirmed no statistically significant side preference …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our analysis, the most common primary tumour was metastatic melanoma as demonstrated in our case report. Melanoma has been described as having a preference for muscle, thus uncommonly causes other orbital metastasis . A review of melanoma metastases to the ocular region demonstrates that the majority are subclinical intraocular metastases (uvea and retina) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growing role of radiotherapy in orbital tumours has been described by Finger and Kim et al ., and this is particularly applicable to EOM metastases where some primary tumours, such as carcinoid, are very radiosensitive . Ophthalmic side effects of radiation include optic neuropathy, corneal scarring and radiation‐induced retinopathy . Consequently, low‐dose palliative radiotherapy of up to 30G is recommended for symptomatic relief …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search methodology identified 135 articles. Of these, 43 articles were included, five articles of potential interest could not be accessed and seven articles of potential interest were published in languages other than English with no translation available …”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastasis to the extraocular muscles: a case report, literature review and pooled data analysis

Leung

Wei

Roberts

2018

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Metastasis to the extraocular muscles (EOM) is rare. The existing literature comprises only of isolated case reports therefore a summative description of these lesions is lacking. This study presents a case of bilateral rectus muscle metastasis from malignant melanoma. Furthermore a literature review and pooled data analysis is undertaken with 43 articles encompassing 77 patients and 101 eyes. Mean age was 53 years, 54% were male, 66% had unilateral involvement and 34% had bilateral involvement. The primary malignancies were melanoma (n = 17, 22%), breast (n = 15, 15%) and carcinoid (n = 11, 14%). A single muscle was involved in 56 eyes (67%) and multiple muscles in 27 eyes (33%). Lateral rectus was most commonly affected (n = 44, 53%). Presenting symptoms included restricted eye movements (n = 48, 62%), proptosis (n = 45, 58%), diplopia (n = 27, 35%) and pain (n = 18, 23%). Scattered case reports have previously made it difficult to characterise this phenomenon thus a pooled data analysis is presented.

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“…described the largest case series with 11 patients whilst Greene et al . reported the greatest number of cases of identical primary pathology (six patients, melanoma).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastasis to the extraocular muscles: a case report, literature review and pooled data analysis

Leung

Wei

Roberts

2018

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Neoplasms of the Eye and Orbit

Alvarez¹,

Ponce²,

Chevez‐Barrios³

et al. 2022

Holland‐Frei Cancer Medicine

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Overview Cancers of the eye and orbit are associated with diverse pathological conditions, disease prognosis, and significant mortality. The survival rates vary among patients from different countries and have been reported to be significantly lower in those from developing countries compared to those noted in the United States owing mainly to delay in diagnosis associated with advanced‐stage disease and unavailability of treatments. In this article, we provide an overview of the most common and rare ophthalmic malignancies that include ocular surface, external and adnexal diseases, and orbital and intraocular malignancies. We summarize the incidence, histopathology, risk factors, molecular alterations, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and therapeutic approaches for these diseases. We also describe the first‐line and salvage treatments and their complications. These treatments depend on disease stage at presentation and include pathology‐guided excision, Mohs microsurgery, chemo‐reduction, chemoprophylaxis, adjuvant chemotherapy after enucleation, and/or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Complications include symblepharon, scarring, and limbal stem cell deficiency while incomplete excision of eyelid tumors may result in recurrence of larger and more aggressive tumors. Currently, identification of genetic abnormalities identified in genomic profiling of patient tumors improves treatment selection. Early diagnosis and involvement of an ocular oncologist at the time of diagnosis will optimize the therapeutic management of patients with these diseases.

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