Cutaneous manifestations of trichloroethylene toxicity

Generalized Skin Reactions in Relation to Trichloroethylene Exposure: A Review from the Viewpoint of Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes

“…Only one patient (case 3) had developed hepatitis, as determined by increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and bilirubin levels. 4) Phoon et al 4) Phoon et al 4) Phoon et al 4) Rabens 6) Rabens 6) Rabens 6) Rabens 6) Phoon et al 4) reported five cases. Cases 5 and 6 were twin sisters who had worked in the same factory.…”

“…Bauer and Robens 6) first reported four patients who developed generalized dermatitis after exposure to trichloroethylene. All of the patients had been engaged in the cleaning of metals or bomb casings with trichloroethylene, but the time from the use of this particular solvent until the onset of dermatitis was not mentioned.…”

“…Together with anesthetic action, hepatic damage, polyneuropathy, trigeminal neuropathy, and dermatitis with skin irritation are familiar diseases which occur as a result of exposure 1,2) . In addition to the non-specific skin irritation resulting by the defatting action, severer generalized dermatitis with hepatitis, which includes Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, sometimes occurs after exposure to trichloroethylene [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . Such dermatitis is generally known to occur subsequent to the administration of various medicines and infections-i.e., antibiotics such as sulfonamides, anticonvulsives such as carbamazepine and phenobarbital, anti-inflammatory medications such as acetylsalicylic acid and paracetamol, anti-parasitic medications such as albendazole and tinidazole, viruses, mycoplasma, and other bacterial infections [11][12][13][14][15] .…”

Human Herpesvirus 6 Reactivation in Trichloroethylene‐exposed Workers Suffering from Generalized Skin Disorders Accompanied by Hepatic Dysfunction

“…The disorders are not caused solely by drugs. A close link between occupational solvent exposure, mostly trichloroethylene (TCE), and severe generalized skin disorders has been suggested by a series of case reports [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . Recently, the number of patients suffering from TCE-related severe skin disorders has been increasing in Asia, especially the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Guangdong Province, China 10,12,13) .…”

Trichloroethylene Causes Generalized Hypersensitivity Skin Disorders Complicated by Hepatitis

“…dissolution of the skin surface lipids, the lipid material in the stratum corneum, and the fatty fraction of the cell membranes 1) . However, idiosyncratic generalized skin disorders complicated by h e p a t i t i s , w h i c h i s s i m i l a r t o s e r i o u s d r u g hypersensitivities, have also sporadically occurred in populations occupationally exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . The number of patients suffering from these disorders has been increasing in Asia, i.e., The Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and China since the 1990s 12,13) .…”