Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19 in the Inpatient Setting

Mytrang, H.; Stewart, Claire; Harp, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.det.2021.05.011

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Pernio-like acral lesions in COVID-19 patients mostly occur on the toes, are characterized by pink papule that develop into violaceous purpuric lesions and are linked to changes in dermal microvasculature resulting in edema and lymphocyte infiltration (Agnihothri and Fox, 2021). These lesions are not to be confused with skin manifestations observed in severe patients with acral livedoid eruptions and retiform purpura, which arise due to a systemic hypercoagulant state (Agnihothri and Fox, 2021;Do et al, 2021).…”

Section: Clinical Findings Of Endothelial Dysfunction In Covid-19 Pat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the Vasculature: Current Aspects and Long-Term Consequences

Martínez-Salazar

Holwerda

Stüdle

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in December 2019 as a novel respiratory pathogen and is the causative agent of Corona Virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Early on during this pandemic, it became apparent that SARS-CoV-2 was not only restricted to infecting the respiratory tract, but the virus was also found in other tissues, including the vasculature. Individuals with underlying pre-existing co-morbidities like diabetes and hypertension have been more prone to develop severe illness and fatal outcomes during COVID-19. In addition, critical clinical observations made in COVID-19 patients include hypercoagulation, cardiomyopathy, heart arrythmia, and endothelial dysfunction, which are indicative for an involvement of the vasculature in COVID-19 pathology. Hence, this review summarizes the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the vasculature and details how the virus promotes (chronic) vascular inflammation. We provide a general overview of SARS-CoV-2, its entry determinant Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II (ACE2) and the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 in extrapulmonary tissue. Further, we describe the relation between COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their impact on the heart and vasculature. Clinical findings on endothelial changes during COVID-19 are reviewed in detail and recent evidence from in vitro studies on the susceptibility of endothelial cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection is discussed. We conclude with current notions on the contribution of cardiovascular events to long term consequences of COVID-19, also known as “Long-COVID-syndrome”. Altogether, our review provides a detailed overview of the current perspectives of COVID-19 and its influence on the vasculature.

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Section: Clinical Findings Of Endothelial Dysfunction In Covid-19 Pat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the Vasculature: Current Aspects and Long-Term Consequences

Martínez-Salazar

Holwerda

Stüdle

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…A Spanish research team reported 375 cases of COVID‐19 with cutaneous manifestations during the early period of the COVID‐19 pandemic and divided them into categories of acral areas with vesicles or pustules (pseudo‐chilblain), vesicular eruptions, urticarial lesions, maculopapular eruptions, and livedo or necrosis 4 . Although the interaction between cutaneous changes and the COVID‐19 disease burden is not fully understood, reporting COVID‐19‐related cutaneous manifestations is important for physicians given their possible correlations with unrecognized medical complications with COVID‐19, especially in the inpatient setting 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of herpes zoster infection in patients with COVID‐19: a systematic scoping review

Czech

Nishimura

2022

Int J Dermatology

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Background Although there is literature reporting correlations between varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections and COVID-19, insufficient evidence exists in this regard. This scoping review aims to identify the existing evidence regarding clinical characteristics of primary VZV infection or reactivation in COVID-19. Methods Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for all peer-reviewed articles with relevant keywords including "Zoster," "Herpes," and "COVID-19" from their inception to November 20, 2021.Results A total of 19 articles with three observational studies and 16 case reports or series were included. Primary VZV infections or reactivation were observed in 25 patients.Forty-eight percent of the patients had disseminated VZV infection. The median time of VZV-related rash after the onset of respiratory symptoms was 7.0 days (interquartile range: 0-18.8). Those with COVID-19 and primary VZV infection or reactivation had low lymphocyte counts with a median of 0.67 9 10 3 /ll. ConclusionThis scoping review identified uncertainty and a lack of strong evidence to see the association between primary VZV infection or reactivation and COVID-19. However, those with COVID-19 may be more likely to have disseminated VZV, which poses an additional challenge from an infection prevention standpoint. Future studies are warranted to determine the association between primary VZV infection or reactivation and long-term consequences related to COVID-19.the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). 10,11 Appendix S1 is the PRISMA-ScR checklist of the present study.Search strategy MEDLINE and EMBASE searches were conducted for all peer-reviewed articles from inception to November 20, 2021.

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“…It accounts for 11% to 47% of all dermatological cases related to COVID-19 ( Table 1 ) [ 23 , 48 ]. Additionally, retrospective studies and case series reported a higher rate of hospitalization (45% to 80%) in COVID-19 patients with morbilliform eruptions compared to COVID-19 patients without the rash [ 23 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 Specific Dermatological Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morbilliform rashes tend to occur concurrently or after the emergence of other COVID-19-related symptoms [ 23 ]. Morbilliform eruptions are associated with moderate to severe COVID-19 symptoms [ 23 , 49 , 52 , 53 ]. Among COVID-19 patients, the most common anatomical locations for morbilliform eruptions include the chest, abdomen, back, arms, and legs ( Figure 2 A–C) [ 23 , 50 , 52 , 54 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 Specific Dermatological Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dermatological Conditions: A Novel, Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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Background: The earliest cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Since the declaration as a pandemic on 11 March 2020, further dermatological conditions continue to be documented. We herein present a novel literature review of dermatological manifestations associated with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To date, this literature review is the first broad-spectrum examination that analyzes a range of dermatological manifestations related to the COVID-19 pandemic: infection, vaccinations, personal protective equipment (PPE), and psychosocial factors. Methods: A detailed literature search was conducted using key terms for cutaneous manifestations associated with the scope of this review. The search retrieved 2199 articles. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a significant range of dermatologic sequela. Etiologies of lesions continue to be investigated. Proposed mechanisms include inflammatory response to spike protein, vitamin D deficiency, ACE2 receptor activation, androgen levels, and increased psychological stress. One prominent mechanism describes viral spike protein invasion into the dermis by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors in keratinocytes, with a secondary immunological response. Conclusions: Dermatologists play an integral role in the proper diagnosis and treatment of COVID-related lesions. Early treatment regimens and timely prophylaxis have been shown to safely reduce infection-related dermatological sequelae. Additional investigations and data collection can reduce disease burden and improve overall prognosis.

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Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19 in the Inpatient Setting

Cited by 12 publications

References 80 publications

COVID-19 and the Vasculature: Current Aspects and Long-Term Consequences

COVID-19 and the Vasculature: Current Aspects and Long-Term Consequences

Characteristics of herpes zoster infection in patients with COVID‐19: a systematic scoping review

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dermatological Conditions: A Novel, Comprehensive Review

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