Cutaneous lymphoma incidence patterns in the United States: a population-based study of 3884 cases

Bradford, Porcia T.; Devesa, Susan S.; Anderson, William F.; Toro, Jorge R.

doi:10.1182/blood-2008-10-184168

Cited by 609 publications

(627 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and World Health Organization (WHO) published a consensus classification for cutaneous lymphomas in 2005, as summarized in Table I [2]. In contrast to nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma, most of which are B-cell derived, 75% of primary cutaneous lymphomas are T-cell derived, two-thirds of which may be classified as Mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS) [2][3][4]. The incidence of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) has been increasing and is currently 6.4 per million persons, based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry data, with the highest incidence rates being reported among males (male:female incidence rate ratio 1.9) and AfricanAmericans (incidence rate ratio 1.5) [3].…”

Section: Disease Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

Wilcox

2011

American J Hematol

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Disease overview: Cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas are a heterogenous group of T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders involving the skin, the majority of which may be classified as Mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS).Diagnosis: The diagnosis of MF or SS requires the integration of clinical and histopathologic data.Risk‐adapted therapy: Tumor, node, metastasis, and blood (TNMB) staging remains the most important prognostic factor in MF/SS and forms the basis for a “risk‐adapted,” multidisciplinary approach to treatment. For patients with disease limited to the skin, expectant management or skin‐directed therapies is preferred, as both disease‐specific and overall survival for these patients is favorable. In contrast, patients with advanced‐stage disease with significant nodal, visceral, or blood involvement are generally approached with biologic‐response modifiers, denileukin diftitox, and histone deacetylase inhibitors before escalating therapy to include systemic, single‐agent chemotherapy. Multiagent chemotherapy may be used for those patients with extensive visceral involvement requiring rapid disease control. In highly‐selected patients with disease refractory to standard treatments, allogeneic stem‐cell transplantation may be considered. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Disease Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

Wilcox

2011

American J Hematol

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“…The estimated annual incidence of this condition is 1:100,000 in the USA [66]. The proportion of the T-cell subtype is higher in Korea (81.6-84.3 %) [67,68] and Japan (80-86.8 %) [69,70] than it is in the USA (71.3 %) and Europe (77.6 %) [71,72]. The most common subtypes in Western countries are MF/SS, CD30?…”

Section: Primary Cutaneous T-cell Lymphomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPD), and PTCL in Europe, and MF/SS, PTCL, and CD30? LPD in the USA, in decreasing order of frequency [71,72]. In Asia, the major subtype is MF/SS, followed by CD30?…”

Section: Primary Cutaneous T-cell Lymphomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral T cell lymphoma in Asia

Park

2014

Int J Hematol

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Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) comprise a heterogeneous group of mature T-and NK-cell neoplasms, the incidence of which is higher in Asian countries than in Western countries. Although its etiology is mainly unknown, several risk factors (such as genetic factors, abnormal immunity, environmental factors, and infectious causes) have been proposed. PTCL are classified based on a combination of several parameters, including morphology, site of presentation, viral status, immunophenotype, and specific genetic alterations. Their classification is ongoing, with the emergence of new entities and refinement of existing entities because of the development of diagnostic markers and new genetic alterations. This review presents epidemiologic data for PTCL in Asia, together with recent progress in the pathology of PTCL compared with the WHO 2008 classification.Epidemiology T-and NK-cell lymphomas are uncommon: overall, they represent fewer than 25 % of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) [1][2][3]. The occurrence rates of various subtypes of T-and NK-cell lymphomas in Asia are significantly different from those observed in Western countries, and even among Asian countries. The incidence and distribution of T-and NK-cell lymphomas in several Asian countries is summarized in Fig. 1 and Table 1 [ [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].The frequencies of T-and NK-cell lymphomas seem to increase from West to East Asia. The occurrence rate of Tand NK-cell lymphomas are relatively low (\20 % of NHL) mainly in West Asia (Turkey 16.2 %, Iraq 19 %, and Kuwait 18 %) and South Asia (Pakistan 11.3 %, and India 20.2 %), but relatively high mainly in East Asia (China 32.5 %, Korea 22 %, and Japan 24.9 %) and Southeast Asia (Thailand 25 %). The proportion of T-and NK-cell lymphomas in Taiwan is very low (13.3 %) compared with that of other East Asian countries. Regarding the subtypes of T-and NK-cell lymphomas, two West (Turkey and Iraq) and one South (Pakistan) Asian countries share similar distribution patterns, presenting T lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) as the most common subtype, followed by peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) or anaplastic largecell lymphoma (ALCL). The frequency of mycosis fungoides/sezary syndrome (MF/SS) is very high in Kuwait. The distribution patterns of T-and NK-cell lymphomas in Thailand, Taiwan, and Korea are similar, whereas adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) represents a high proportion of T-and NK-cell lymphomas in Japan. When ATLL is excluded, four countries (Thailand, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan) exhibit very similar patterns of subtype distribution of T-and NK-cell lymphomas. Extranodal NK/ T-cell lymphoma (ENKL) is frequent in China (48 %) and Korea (28.7 %), but is less frequent in Japan (10.4 %), as reported by a recent study performed by an international T-cell project [2]. In China, the frequency of T-or NK-cell lymphoma varies according to geographic region

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“…Staging and classification of CTCL is not always clear (1) . According to records from the SEER database, over half of CTCLs are classified as mycosis fungoides, (2) which is a diagnosis based on clinical and pathologic data. Staging of mycosis fungoides ranges from limited local disease to widespread patches, plaques and, eventually, even visceral organ involvement (1) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topical options include corticosteroids, caryolysin, and PUVA (psoralen plus ultraviolet‐A); other topical chemotherapeutic agents may also be used, including carmustine and nitrogen mustard (3) . Systemic chemotherapy is also an option, especially in cases with lymph node or widespread systemic disease (2) . For many patients, disease remains refractory even after treatment with topical treatment and oral systemic agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dose penumbra of a custom‐made shield used in hemibody skin electron irradiation

Rivers

AlDahlawi

Wang

et al. 2016

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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We report our technique for hemibody skin electron irradiation with a custom‐made plywood shield. The technique is similar to our clinical total skin electron irradiation (TSEI), performed with a six‐pair dual field (Stanford technique) at an extended source‐to‐skin distance (SSD) of 377 cm, with the addition of a plywood shield placed at 50 cm from the patient. The shield is made of three layers of standard 5/8” thick plywood (total thickness of 4.75 cm) that are clamped securely on an adjustable‐height stand. Gafchromic EBT3 films were used in assessing the shield's transmission factor and the extent of the dose penumbra region for two different shield‐phantom gaps. The shield transmission factor was found to be about 10%. The width of the penumbra (80%‐to‐20% dose falloff) was measured to be 12 cm for a 50 cm shield‐phantom gap, and reduced slightly to 10 cm for a 35 cm shield‐phantom gap. In vivo dosimetry of a real case confirmed the expected shielded area dose.PACS number(s): 87.53.Bn

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Cutaneous lymphoma incidence patterns in the United States: a population-based study of 3884 cases

Cited by 609 publications

References 46 publications

Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: 2011 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management

Peripheral T cell lymphoma in Asia

The dose penumbra of a custom‐made shield used in hemibody skin electron irradiation

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