Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Texas: A northern spread of endemic areas

Wright, Natalie; Davis, Lance E.; Aftergut, Kent; Parrish, Charles A.; Cockerell, Clay J.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.11.008

Cited by 75 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This case was patient 9 in the report of Wright and others, 4 which they reported from Tarrant County, Texas. In December 2005, an elementary school-age girl from Collin County, Texas, showed development of three skin lesions, two facial and one upper extremity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…3 More recently, Wright and others summarized a cluster of nine cases in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and surrounding counties, well to the east-northeast of the northernmost case previously reported in Albany, Texas. 4 Clinically, most cases had 1-5 localized cutaneous lesions of a few months duration. Specific identification using isoenzyme analysis and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on 10 of these 39 cases; all were determined to be Leishmania mexicana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Autochthonous Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Texas and Southeastern Oklahoma

Clarke¹,

Bradley²,

Wright³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Autochthonous human cases of leishmaniasis in the United States are uncommon. We report three new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and details of a previously reported case, all outside the known endemic range in Texas. Surveys for enzootic rodent reservoirs and sand fly vectors were conducted around the residences of three of the casepatients during the summer of 2006; female Lutzomyia anthophora sand flies were collected at a north Texas and southeast Oklahoma residence of a case-patient, indicating proximity of a suitable vector. Urban sprawl, climatologic variability, or natural expansion of Leishmania mexicana are possible explanations for the apparent spread to the north and east. Enhanced awareness among healthcare providers in the south central region of the United States is important to ensure clinical suspicion of leishmaniasis, diagnosis, and appropriate patient management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of Autochthonous Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Texas and Southeastern Oklahoma

Clarke¹,

Bradley²,

Wright³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, leishmaniasis is broadly classified into 'Old World' and 'New World' disease. Old World leishmaniasis originates from Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Southern Europe; New World disease originates in Central and South America, occasionally as far north as Texas [33][34][35]. Leishmaniasis in returning travelers to the USA has increased in recent years, owing to increased travel abroad and to the activities of the US military and contractors in the Middle East.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Got the Travel Bug? A Review of Common Infections, Infestations, Bites, and Stings Among Returning Travelers

2016

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The popularity of international travel continues to increase among Americans, even though they often experience subsequent illness on return from their journey. The pathogens responsible are not necessarily endemic to the destination itself but are often the result of poor sanitary conditions or activities engaged in while away. Skin disease ranks third among all medical concerns in returning travelers. This review addresses the pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of the most common skin diseases in returning travelers: insect bites and bedbugs, cutaneous larva migrans, scabies, tungiasis, myiasis, leishmaniasis, viral exanthems, and marine envenomation. Primary care physicians and dermatologists should be familiar with these illnesses and a general approach to their evaluation and management. Key PointsArthropod assault and infestation is a source of significant morbidity in returning travelers.Travelers should bring proper protective clothing and insect repellant when travelling to areas where biting insects are vectors of disease.Travelers should be acquainted with the hazards associated with local marine life if they plan on entering the water.

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“…13 L. mexicana has been well-documented in Texas, and it causes human and animal infections, with the majority being single cutaneous lesions. [14][15][16] This case was first treated by combining meglumine and amphotericin B (both medications are commonly used as monotherapy) in addition to using omeprazole, which induces changes in the acid pH that favors the proliferation of amastigotes in macrophages 17 ; combination with antiparasitic drugs has been described mainly in visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and some studies are showing encouraging results. [18][19][20] In this patient, the combination was successful as initial treatment without evidence of potentially toxic effects after 5 weeks of treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Success Using Prolonged Treatment with Miltefosine for a Patient with Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Infected with Leishmania mexicana mexicana

Ordáz-Farías

Muñoz-Garza

Sevilla-Gonzalez

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Leishmania sp. is an intracellular parasite that causes a variable degree of clinical manifestations, especially in the skin. We present the case of a 38-year-old male with a chronic history of mucocutaneous disease present since childhood that generated deformity, loss of cartilage in the ears and nose, and scarring that limited his range of motion. The parasite was identified as L. mexicana mexicana. The patient was treated with a 3-month course of oral miltefosine with overwhelming results.

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Texas: A northern spread of endemic areas

Cited by 75 publications

References 7 publications

Emergence of Autochthonous Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Texas and Southeastern Oklahoma

Emergence of Autochthonous Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Texas and Southeastern Oklahoma

Got the Travel Bug? A Review of Common Infections, Infestations, Bites, and Stings Among Returning Travelers

Transient Success Using Prolonged Treatment with Miltefosine for a Patient with Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Infected with Leishmania mexicana mexicana

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