Cutaneous leiomyomas (piloleiomyomas) in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Kanitakis, Jean; Carbonnel, E.; Chouvet, B; Labeille, B.; Claudy, A

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03925.x

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Using biotinylated in situ hybridization probes, Ross et al 32 reported EBV negativity in a well‐differentiated LMS arising in the liver of a 9‐year‐old female with vertically acquired HIV. Similar cases of EBV negativity in immunosuppression‐related SMTs have also been described in adult patients 14,16 . To date, no case of an EBV‐positive SMT has been described in immunocompetent patients 33 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…In our review of the literature, we identified four HIV‐infected children who developed SMTs in a cutaneous location 15,17,18 . Two additional reports describe SMTs arising as primary cutaneous lesions in HIV‐infected adults 13,14 . Finally, a single report described a cutaneous LMS arising in the leg of an adult renal transplant patient 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the relatively common occurrence of this entity in immunosuppressed patients, cutaneous manifestations remain exceedingly rare 13–18 . Thus EBV‐related SMTs comprise an under‐represented and reportable entity in the dermatology and dermatopathology literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein-Barr virus-associated leiomyosarcoma with cutaneous involvement in an African child with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature

Tetzlaff

Nosek²,

Kovarik

2011

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) are infrequently encountered lesions restricted to immunocompromised patients. However, they represent the second most common tumor in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We report a case of a progressively enlarging abdominal mass with cutaneous involvement in an HIV-infected, 4-year-old African girl in Malawi with clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Analysis of an excisional specimen revealed a well-differentiated leiomyosarcoma and subsequent studies revealed diffuse nuclear positivity for Epstein-Barr virus early RNAs in lesional cells. We present a report of this case and provide a summary of the literature regarding SMTs in pediatric HIV-infected patients. In addition, we draw attention to the cutaneous manifestations of SMTs in immunosuppressed populations. We highlight EBV-related SMTs as a potential cutaneous complication of HIV infection in children and immunosuppressed patients populations as a whole.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein-Barr virus-associated leiomyosarcoma with cutaneous involvement in an African child with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature

Tetzlaff

Nosek²,

Kovarik

2011

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

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“…recently. However, no evidence of EBV infection was seen in the tumour cells 15 . This indicates that EBV‐associated leiomyomatous tumour originated from vessel‐related smooth muscle cells, and it seems that these cells were infected by the EBV through contact with circulating EBV‐positive lymphocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Multiple Epstein-Barr virus-associated subcutaneous angioleiomyomas in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Chang¹,

Cs²,

Hung³

et al. 2002

Br J Dermatol

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Tumours of smooth muscle origin, either solitary or multiple, are occasionally found in immunocompromised patients, particularly in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Most of the reported AIDS-associated leiomyomatous neoplasms have been found in the visceral organs, and the tumour cells all possessed the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome. Here we present a 32-year-old-man with AIDS who developed three skin nodules on his lower left extremity. No other tumorous lesions were found using computed tomography scans. Two of the three nodules were resected for pathological examination. Histologically, both tumours were well circumscribed and located in the subcutis. The tumours were composed of interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped cells with prominent vasculature and lymphocytic infiltration. No pleomorphism, mitosis or necrosis was seen. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were reactive to smooth muscle actin and desmin. Angioleiomyoma was diagnosed. EBV-encoded small RNAs were also demonstrated in the nucleus of the tumour cells by in situ hybridization but no EBV receptor (CD21) or latent membrane protein (LMP)-1 was found in the tumour cells. No human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 genome was detected in the lesion using polymerase chain reaction analysis. The results of this study indicated that EBV containing subcutaneous angioleiomyoma was another neoplasm that must be considered in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection who develop skin nodules. The role of EBV in the pathogenesis of this unique neoplasm is still unknown.

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“…Cutaneous leiomyomas of pilar origin are uncommon and benign tumors that have been reported in association with esophageal leiomyomas, dermatitis herpetiformis, multiple endocrine neoplasia type I, an epidermoid cyst, an osteoma, intestinal polyposis, chronic lymphocytic leukemia [7], 9p trisomy [8], human immunodeficiency virus [9]and erythrocytosis [5, 10, 11]. Multiple piloleiomyomas may also occur with Gardner’s syndrome, also inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial Leiomyomatosis: A Review and Discussion of Pathogenesis

et al. 2003

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Multiple cutaneous leiomyomas of pilar origin have long been recognized to have an autosomal dominant inheritance. While the skin tumors are relatively uncommon and benign, women of affected families often develop uterine fibroids with associated infertility, pain and bleeding. In addition, a subset of these families harbors a predisposition to papillary renal cell carcinoma. Germline mutations in a recently identified classical tumor suppressor gene encoding fumarate hydratase are observed in these individuals. Appropriate screening measures for associated disorders are mandatory.

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Cutaneous leiomyomas (piloleiomyomas) in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Epstein-Barr virus-associated leiomyosarcoma with cutaneous involvement in an African child with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature

Epstein-Barr virus-associated leiomyosarcoma with cutaneous involvement in an African child with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature

Multiple Epstein-Barr virus-associated subcutaneous angioleiomyomas in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Familial Leiomyomatosis: A Review and Discussion of Pathogenesis

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