Cutaneous late phase reaction in adult atopic dermatitis patients with high serum IgE antibody to Dermatophagoides farinae: correlation with IL-5 production by allergen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Development of a novel Ag-specific immunotherapy using CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in a new, unique mouse cutaneous eosinophilic inflammation model

“…There were decreases in eosinophil infiltration, the expression of Th2 cytokine mRNA and the IgE response only when the mice were treated with CpG plus OVA; these effects were not demonstrable in a group treated with CpG ODN alone. These observations clearly show that CpG ODN (plus OVA) are capable of redirecting an immune response to specific Ag in animals with established skin eosinophilic inflammation showing diffuse edematous erythema [3].…”

“…It is noteworthy that the cutaneous late phase reaction (LPR), which appears to be clinically associated with diffuse edematous erythema, often occurs in patients with severe AD [3]. To develop a new therapeutic modality for AD showing the immunopathological features of LPR, the development of a model of cutaneous LPR is required.…”

Diabetes mellitus, chronic hepatitis C, and hepatocellular carcinoma

“…However, we were surprised to find that many patients had a late‐phase response to gliadin. Late‐phase response occurring 6 to 12 hours after skin prick testing is described in the literature, in particular in atopic disease subjects, and is blocked by glucocorticosteroids 8, 9. It is mainly caused by other immune mediators (slow reacting substances such as interleukin 5) rather than histamine (immediately reacting substance), which are in any case released by IgE‐dependent mast cell degranulation 10.…”

Therapeutic effects of streptococcal preparation OK-432 on atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC/Nga mice: possible shift from a Th2- to Th1-predominance

“…Mites, Myobia musculi, inhabit mice as prasites (SLC Inc., Hamamatsu, Japan) to possibly lead to AD-like lesions. To date, in most human AD patients, Dermatophagoides mites [19] have been shown to cause AD. In conventional NC mice, over-production of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and elevated serum IgE antibodies [18] beyond the age of 8 weeks were evident.…”