Cut off value in each gender and decade of 10-s grip and release and 10-s step test: A comparative study between 454 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and 818 healthy subjects

Machino, Masaaki; Ando, Kei; Kobayashi, Kazuyoshi; Morozumi, Masayoshi; Tanaka, Satoshi; Ito, Keigo; Kato, Fumihiko; Ishiguro, Naoki

doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.105414

Cited by 19 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The number of cycles completed decreased with both myelopathy and age. These results are consistent with those of previous reports [ 6 , 7 , 23 ]. However, these reports did not clearly indicate the reason for the decrease in the number of cycles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The GRT is often conducted for 10 seconds [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 17 ], though some studies expanded the test time [ 4 , 5 , 18 – 21 ]. As the 10-second GRT has not been validated the reliability [ 5 ] and the time extended GRT (15-second GRT) has also been insufficient to understand the characteristics of myelopathy hand, we used a 30-second GRT in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual observation and manual counting could not guarantee the participants’ correct finger movements, and so the results were not very accurate [ 3 – 5 ]. Additionally, several previous studies have reported that the number of times decreases with age [ 6 , 7 ], suggesting that the GRT is not specific for CCM or age. Therefore, the number of cycles in the GRT alone is not sufficient to assess myelopathy hand and describe its characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Quantitative evaluation of abnormal finger movements in myelopathy hand during the grip and release test using gyro sensors

et al. 2021

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Previous studies have reported qualitative characteristics of myelopathy hand, but few studies have reported quantitative kinematic parameters of this condition. Our purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the abnormal finger movements in patients with cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM) (termed myelopathy hand) and to understand the characteristics of myelopathy hand during the grip and release test (GRT) using gyro sensors. Sixty patients with CCM (severe: n = 30; mild-to-moderate: n = 30) and sixty healthy adults (age-matched control: n = 30; young control: n = 30) were included in this study. All participants performed the GRT. The index and little fingers’ and the wrist’s movements during the GRT were recorded using three gyro sensors. The number of cycles, switching time-delay, time per cycle, and peak angular velocity were calculated and compared between groups. Patients with severe CCM had the lowest number of cycles and longest switching time-delays, followed by patients with mild-to-moderate CCM, the age-matched control group, and the young control group. The time per cycle and the peak angular velocities of fingers in participants with severe CCM were significantly lower than those in participants with mild-to-moderate CCM; however, there were no significant differences between the control groups. The peak angular velocities of fingers were significantly lower during extension motions than during flexion motions in participants with CCM. Participants with CCM have lower peak angular velocities during finger movement. Finger extension also is impaired in participants with CCM. Abnormal finger movements and the severity of myelopathy in participants with CCM can be assessed using gyro sensors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Quantitative evaluation of abnormal finger movements in myelopathy hand during the grip and release test using gyro sensors

et al. 2021

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“…Fewer than 20 times in the G&R test were considered to be pathologic without considering their age [ 15 ]. The mean G&R test result score in the clinical myelopathic group in the current study was 17.5 times, which is less than the normal cut-off value of 20 times [ 44 ]. Notably, the result of the current study is in accordance with the mean G&R score of 18.2 times reported by Date et al (2021) for mild and moderate cervical myelopathic groups [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Physical Performance Tests in Adult Neck Pain Patients with and without Clinical Myelopathic Signs: A Matched Case-Control Study

Lwin

Puntumetakul

Sae-Jung

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Patients with neck pain may experience cervical myelopathy, this may be detected by clinical myelopathic signs, although they did not have any symptom of myelopathy, except having neck pain. Decreasing physical performance is one symptom of cervical myelopathy that can lead to reduced quality of life in the elderly, however, in adult neck pain with clinical myelopathic signs have not been evaluated. Therefore, this research aimed to compare physical performance in two groups of adult patients with neck pain: those with and without clinical myelopathic signs. A total of 52 participants, gender, age, and body mass index (BMI) matched were allocated into 2 groups of 26 subjects with neck pain, those with, and without, clinical myelopathic signs. The grip and release test, nine-hole peg test, ten second step test and foot-tapping test were evaluated. The group of neck pain participants with clinical myelopathic signs exhibited greater impairment in all the tests than the group without clinical myelopathic signs (p < 0.001). Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were grip and release test: 2.031, nine-hole peg test: 1.143, ten second step test: 1.329, and foot-tapping test: 0.798. Neck pain participants with clinical myelopathic signs demonstrated reduced physical performance. Physical performance tests may need to assessed in adult patients with neck pain who had clinical myelopathic signs.

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“…CM was detected with 84.0% sensitivity, 60.7% specificity, and 0.85 AUC. In previous studies, the 10-s test showed 61.0% to 73.7% sensitivity, 51.5% to 65.5% specificity, and 0.71 to 0.77 AUC 11,36,37 ; the FES showed 48% to 55% sensitivity 11,36 ; the deep tendon reflex change showed 15% to 56% sensitivity and 96% to 98% specificity 11,38,39 . In addition to these traditional tests, there are other tests that can be easily performed without touch, such as the foot tapping test, 40 but their performances to diagnose CM has not been sufficiently investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Myelopathy Screening with Machine Learning Algorithm Focusing on Finger Motion Using Noncontact Sensor

Koyama

Fujita

Watanabe

et al. 2021

Spine

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Cross-sectional study. Objective. To develop a binary classification model for cervical myelopathy (CM) screening based on a machine learning algorithm using Leap Motion (Leap Motion, San Francisco, CA), a novel noncontact sensor device. Summary of Background Data. Progress of CM symptoms are gradual and cannot be easily identified by the patients themselves. Therefore, screening methods should be developed for patients of CM before deterioration of myelopathy. Although some studies have been conducted to objectively evaluate hand movements specific to myelopathy using cameras or wearable sensors, their methods are unsuitable for simple screening outside hospitals because of the difficulty in obtaining and installing their equipment and the long examination time. Methods. In total, 50 and 28 participants in the CM and control groups were recruited, respectively. The diagnosis of CM was made by spine surgeons. We developed a desktop system using Leap Motion that recorded 35 parameters of fingertip movements while participants gripped and released their fingers as rapidly as possible. A support vector machine was used to develop the binary classification model, and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed to create regression models to estimate the total Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the JOA score of the motor function of the upper extremity (MU-JOA score).Results. The binary classification model indexes were as follows: sensitivity, 84.0%; specificity, 60.7%; accuracy, 75.6%; area under the curve, 0.85. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between the estimated score and the total JOA score was 0.44 and that between the estimated score and the MU-JOA score was 0.51. Conclusion. Our binary classification model using a machine learning algorithm and Leap Motion could classify CM with high sensitivity and would be useful for CM screening in daily life before consulting doctors and telemedicine.

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Cut off value in each gender and decade of 10-s grip and release and 10-s step test: A comparative study between 454 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and 818 healthy subjects

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Quantitative evaluation of abnormal finger movements in myelopathy hand during the grip and release test using gyro sensors

Quantitative evaluation of abnormal finger movements in myelopathy hand during the grip and release test using gyro sensors

Physical Performance Tests in Adult Neck Pain Patients with and without Clinical Myelopathic Signs: A Matched Case-Control Study

Cervical Myelopathy Screening with Machine Learning Algorithm Focusing on Finger Motion Using Noncontact Sensor

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