Cut and paste the genome: Genome editing for research and therapy

Abstract

Genome engineering, or alternatively called 'genome editing,' has been one of the rapidly growing fields of biotechnology for the last few decades. Scientists are now making targeted modifications of genome in any organism of choice with improved precision. In this mini review, we provide basic, fundamental theory and mechanisms of the well-known genome editing technologies such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system. We also discuss its role in the field of genetic research and highlight its therapeutic potential as an indispensable tool for the development of personalized medicine to come in near future.

Potential Clinical Usefulness of CRISPR Cas9 Genome Editing in Cancer Treatment

“…Combinations of continuous designed TALE theoretically can identify all DNA sequences. After DNA-binding, DNAs with DSB nicks can be broken and HDR or NHEJ DNA repair reactions41 can be induced by the FokI nuclease [11]. a new group of transcriptional activator proteins with a 30 amino acid repeating region [6].…”

Editorial

“…2018 conference (Wroclaw, Poland, 2nd-5th of July 2018).Many of the IBID 2018 topics are covered in this special issue that includes one concept study, seven primary studies, and two reviews.Rosanski et al[2] describe the knockout of proteolytic key regulators in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells with a special regard to the multifunctional proteasome activator PA28␥. The authors made use of the clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system; this method of genome editing has been one of the fastest growing areas in biotechnology for decades [3]. Application of microbeads and microscopic technologies suitable for point-of-care diagnostics play an increasing role in modern biotechnological techniques.…”