Customizing nanoparticle characteristics in Ba-rich nanoparticle-doped optical fibers to tune Rayleigh scattering

Fuertes, V.; Grégoire, Nicolas; Labranche, Philippe; Gagnon, Stéphane; Rivera, V.A.G.; LaRochelle, Sophie; Messaddeq, Younès

doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122398

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, we suggested that during drawing process the nanoparticles underwent a dissolution and re-nucleation as a function of drawing temperature, which strongly affected their morphology and size. We also found a great experimental dependence for Sr-based and Ba-rich nanoparticles in situ growth 15 , 19 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…As mentioned, the difficulty of controlling the features of in situ grown alkaline earth nanoparticles, from preform to fiber, strongly determine the possible tailoring of Rayleigh scattering and optical losses in this kind of distributed sensing systems, which is simultaneously restricted to compositions such as Mg-, Ca-, Sr-, and Ba-based. Thus, by incorporating YPO 4 nanocrystals and properly controlling the fiber fabrication process, some of the limitations related to the use of alkaline earth nanoparticles are overcome, such as the dissolution and re-nucleation with different morphology and size observed during fiber drawing for Ca-based nanoparticles 13 , or the considerable size modification for Sr- and Ba-rich nanoparticles 15 , 19 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards REPO4 nanocrystal-doped optical fibers for distributed sensing applications

Fuertes

Grégoire

Labranche

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Rayleigh scattering enhanced nanoparticle-doped optical fibers, for distributed sensing applications, is a new technology that offers unique advantages to optical fiber community. However, the existing fabrication technology, based on in situ grown alkaline earth nanoparticles, is restricted to few compositions and exhibit a great dependence on many experimental conditions. Moreover, there is still several uncertainties about the effect of drawing process on the nanoparticle characteristics and its influence on the scattering enhancement and the induced optical loss. In this work, we shed light on all these issues that prevent the progress in the field and demonstrate the suitability of doping optical fibers with YPO4 nanocrystals for developing tunable Rayleigh scattering enhanced nanoparticle-doped optical fibers. An exhaustive 3D microstructural study reveals that their features are closely linked to the fiber drawing process, which allow the size and shape engineering at the nanoscale. In particular, the YPO4 nanocrystals preserve their features to a large extent when the optical fibers are drawn below 1950 °C, which allows obtaining homogeneous nanocrystal features and optical performance. Fabricated fibers exhibit a tunable enhanced backscattering in the range of 15.3–54.3 dB, with respect to a SMF-28 fiber, and two-way optical losses in the range 0.3–160.7 dB/m, revealed by Optical Backscatter Reflectometry (OBR) measurements. This allows sensing lengths from 0.3 m up to more than 58 m. The present work suggests a bright future of YPO4 nanocrystals for distributed sensing field and open a new gate towards the incorporation of other rare-earth orthophosphate (REPO4) nanocrystals with pre-defined characteristics that will overcome the limitations of the current in situ grown alkaline earth-based technology.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards REPO4 nanocrystal-doped optical fibers for distributed sensing applications

Fuertes

Grégoire

Labranche

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Nanoparticle-doped silica-based optical fiber is a very promising field that has gained intense research attention in the last years, since the presence of nanoparticles allows overcoming some of the limitations of silica glass, improving their mechanical and optical properties, as well as introducing new functionalities. − The properties of these hybrid glasses are strongly determined by factors such as composition, size, shape, or homogeneity of the nanoparticles, among others, and therefore, a thorough microstructural and structural characterization of them is required to fully understand the potential functionalities incorporated in the doped glass system. − In particular, nanoparticle-doped optical fibers have attracted great interest in the last years for applications such as high-power fiber lasers and amplifiers , or, recently, distributed fiber sensing. − The Rayleigh scattering induced by the presence of nanoparticles is highly dependent on size, and thus, small sizes are usually targeted to reduce the associated optical attenuation. In turn, nanometric particles contained in the fiber core are difficult to characterize since high resolution techniques, as the case of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and HRTEM, are usually necessary to investigate factors such as crystallinity, symmetry, or composition, among others .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Structural Insights into Nanocrystal-Doped Optical Fibers via Confocal Raman Microscopy

Fuertes

Campo

Grégoire

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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An in-depth characterization of nanoparticle-doped optical fibers is crucial to understand the potential new functionalities of the engineered glass and thus their applicability fields. The high temperatures of the manufacturing process strongly affect the nanoparticle features, and therefore, their analysis is necessary after fiber drawing. However, the difficulties associated with the use of atomic resolution microscopies to analyze the nanoparticle features in the fiber core, mainly related to sample preparation and expensive costs, usually prevent their study. In this work, we overcome some of those limitations and demonstrate, for the first time, the suitability of structurally and microstructurally studying in detail nanocrystals contained in a fiber core of ∼10 μm by combining confocal Raman microscopy, Rayleigh light-scattering microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A thorough study of cubic-shaped and rod-shaped YPO 4 nanocrystals contained in optical fibers reveals their crystallization in tetragonal (t) and monoclinic (m) structures, respectively. The symmetric (ν 1 ) and asymmetric stretching (ν 3 ) Raman modes display a different and remarkable red shift as particle size decreases in both types of nanocrystals, which in the case of the cubic-shaped nanocrystals is fitted to an exponential function along with a Raman peak broadening. Moreover, their Raman dependence vs temperature is evaluated up to 600 °C, observing a phonon softening that follows a linear behavior, which is discussed in detail. These findings add new insights to pure m-YPO 4 , which was unknown to date, and the REPO 4 family and open up new avenues that can be extrapolated to other nanostructures incorporated into optical fiber cores, which will advance progress in the field of nanoparticle-doped optical fibers.

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面向分布式传感的散射增强光纤研究进展

Tan Tao,

Tian Ye,

Zhang Jianzhong

2024

光学学报

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Customizing nanoparticle characteristics in Ba-rich nanoparticle-doped optical fibers to tune Rayleigh scattering

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Towards REPO4 nanocrystal-doped optical fibers for distributed sensing applications

Towards REPO4 nanocrystal-doped optical fibers for distributed sensing applications

Unveiling Structural Insights into Nanocrystal-Doped Optical Fibers via Confocal Raman Microscopy

面向分布式传感的散射增强光纤研究进展

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