Customized DNA–directed precision nutrition to balance the brain reward circuitry and reduce addictive behaviors

Blum, Kenneth; Febo, Marcelo; Braverman, Eric R.; Li, Mona; Fried, Lyle; Waite, Roger L.; Demotrovics, Zsolt; Downs, William B.; Barh, Debmalya; Steinberg, Bruce; McLaughlin, Thomas J.; Badgaiyan, Rajendra D.

doi:10.1201/9781315154749-17

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(51 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It is strategic to cautiously accept that obtaining better treatment results may stem from identifying reward circuitry gene polymorphisms linked to dopaminergic pathways and opioid receptors. Understanding the relationship between reward circuitry participation in chronic opioid outcomes and corresponding genotypes provides an innovative model to improve opioid replacement therapy and enhance a patient's clinical experience [42], as suggested previously. Importantly, work from Gardner's group [43] at NIDA showed that by using dopamine D3 receptor-knock-out (D3-KO) mice, low D3R availability in the brain represents a risk factor for the Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) in Chronically Prescribed Severe Chronic Opioid Probands Attending Multi-pain Clinics: an Open Clinical Pilot Trial

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Millions of Americans experience pain daily. In 2017, opioid overdose claimed 64,000 lives increasing to 84,000 lives in 2020, resulting in a decrease in national life expectancy. Chronic opioid use results in dependency, drug tolerance, neuroadaptation, hyperalgesia, potential addictive behaviors, or Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) caused by a hypodopaminergia. Evaluation of pain clinic patients with the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) test and the Addiction Severity Index (ASI- Media Version V) revealed that GARS scores equal to or greater than 4 and 7 alleles significantly predicted drug and alcohol severity, respectively. We utilized RT-PCR for SNP genotyping and multiplex PCR/capillary electrophoresis for fragment analysis of the role of eleven alleles in a ten-reward gene panel, reflecting the activity of brain reward circuitry in 121 chronic opioid users. The study consisted of 55 males and 66 females averaging ages 54 and 53 years of age, respectively. The patients included Caucasians, African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians. Inclusion criteria mandated that the Morphine Milligram Equivalent (MME) was 30–600 mg/day (males) and 20 to 180 mg/day (females) for treatment of chronic pain over 12 months. Ninety-six percent carried four or more risk alleles, and 73% carried seven or more risk alleles, suggesting a high predictive risk for opioid and alcohol dependence, respectively. These data indicate that chronic, legally prescribed opioid users attending a pain clinic possess high genetic risk for drug and alcohol addiction. Early identification of genetic risk, using the GARS test upon entry to treatment, may prevent iatrogenic induced opioid dependence.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

High Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) in Chronically Prescribed Severe Chronic Opioid Probands Attending Multi-pain Clinics: an Open Clinical Pilot Trial

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…RDSS include methods for achieving dopamine homeostasis [22]. RDSS also offers viable application for rejuvenating a brain damaged by toxicity, in neuro-nutrient supplements [23] which provide the amino acid building blocks for proper brain function, and pro-dopamine regulator therapy [24] to combat SUD. After identifying these individuals, and their RDS phenotype, special RDS and RDSS psychoeducation can be provided, as well as tailored individual treatment recovery plans for Reward Deficiency Syndrome [12], to help achieve dopamine homeostasis, within the typical traditional "Treatment as Usual" (TAU), 12 step oriented treatment facility program [25].…”

Section: Discussion Of Reward Deficiency System Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[28], Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) [29], and the taking of nutritional supplements designed to repair, restore and regenerate the addiction depleted, RDS challenged brain [23].…”

Section: Reward Deficiency Syndrome Solution Focused Brief Therapy Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward Deficiency Syndrome Solution Focused Brief Therapy to Begin Integrating the Sciences of Addiction & Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS)

Gilley¹

2019

J Reward Defic Syndr Addict Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reward Deficiency Syndrome Solution Focused Brief Therapy (RDS-SFBT), provided in both individual and group therapy formats, in the practice of Addiction Recovery Treatment, will help the client understand the importance of the challenge to achieve dopamine homeostasis in the recovery process. RDS-SFBT introduces new Reward Deficiency Syndrome concepts and solutions to the practitioner-client world, helping to bridge the gap between the worlds of research and therapeutic practice [1]. Newly created RDS-SFBT will bring awareness of the advancements of cutting-edge global Reward Deficiency Syndrome research efforts [2], and expands the resource application available to the consumer.

show abstract

“…The development of a polymorphic gene panel has enabled customized (personalized) anti-obesity compounds and now could provide customized induction of “ dopamine homeostasis ” across many RDS behaviors [39]. This serves as the basis of personalized addiction management utilizing the patented Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS™) along with a matched neuro-nutrient known as KB220PAM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The benefits of genetic addiction risk score (GARS®) and pro-dopamine regulation in combating suicide in the American Indian population

Blum

Siwicki

Baron

et al. 2018

J Syst Integr Neurosci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is well-known that Native Americans (NA) clinically present with a very high rate of alcoholism and other drugs of abuse. It is also known that NA also display a very high rate of suicide compared to other ethnic groups. Furthermore, individuals with various psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression) also have higher rates of suicide that are frequently alcohol related. Males are as much as four times more likely to die from suicide than females. Studies comparing Native to other populations within the same geographic regions in North America divulged, almost universally, that alcohol involvement is higher among Native suicides than among the local, non-Native people. Unfortunately, suicide is the eighth leading cause of death in the U.S. and is the third cause of death in those ages 15–24. With these disappointing statistics, we are hereby proposing that because of such a high genetic risk as supported by the work of Barr and Kidd showing that NA carriers the DRD2 A1 allele at the rate of 86%, compared to a highly screened reward deficiency free control of only 3%. It seems reasonable that early identification, especially in children, be tested with the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) and concomitantly be offered the precision pro-dopamine regulator (KB220PAM), one that matches their unique brain polymorphisms involving serotonergic, endorphinergic, glutaminergic, gabaergic and dopaminergic pathways among others. We believe that using the Precision Addiction Management (PAM) platform at an early age may be prophylactic, while in adults PAM may reduce substance craving affecting tertiary treatment and even relapse and mortality prevention.

show abstract

Customized DNA–directed precision nutrition to balance the brain reward circuitry and reduce addictive behaviors

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

High Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) in Chronically Prescribed Severe Chronic Opioid Probands Attending Multi-pain Clinics: an Open Clinical Pilot Trial

High Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) in Chronically Prescribed Severe Chronic Opioid Probands Attending Multi-pain Clinics: an Open Clinical Pilot Trial

Reward Deficiency Syndrome Solution Focused Brief Therapy to Begin Integrating the Sciences of Addiction & Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS)

The benefits of genetic addiction risk score (GARS®) and pro-dopamine regulation in combating suicide in the American Indian population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About