Customer Discrimination in Restaurants: Dining Frequency Matters

Parrett, Matthew

doi:10.1007/s12122-011-9107-8

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…While this finding is consistent with those produced from a large survey of restaurant servers (Lynn and McCall ), it deviates from most studies, which have found non‐significant server–gender differences in tip earnings (Lynn et al. ; Parrett ) or have found that female servers garner larger tips than their male co‐workers (Davis et al. ).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…The most developed body of empirical work that has directly tested for consumer racial discrimination is in the area of sports economics. As Parrett (:88) has pointed out, the popularity of studying consumer discrimination in the sports market can be attributed to two characteristics of this market. First, information about athlete's productivity/skills (e.g., performance statistics) can be easily ascertained and statistically held constant when modeling the effects of athletes’ race on study outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… In a third study, Parrett () analyzed survey data collected outside of five Virginia restaurants and found no effect of servers’ race on customers’ tipping decisions. Parrett's sample was, however, quite racially homogenous.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black–White Earnings Gap among Restaurant Servers: A Replication, Extension, and Exploration of Consumer Racial Discrimination in Tipping

Brewster

Lynn

2014

Sociological Inquiry

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There is a rich history of social science research centering on racial inequalities that continue to be observed across various markets (e.g., labor, housing, and credit markets) and social milieus. Existing research on racial discrimination in consumer markets is, however, relatively scarce and that which has been done has disproportionately focused on consumers as the victims of race-based mistreatment. As such, we know relatively little about how consumers contribute to inequalities in their roles as perpetrators of racial discrimination. In response, in this article, we elaborate on a line of research that is only in its infancy stages of development and yet is ripe with opportunities to advance the literature on consumer racial discrimination and racial earnings inequities among tipdependent employees in the United States. Specifically, we analyze data derived from an exit survey of restaurant consumers (N = 394) in an attempt to replicate, extend, and further explore the recently documented effect of service providers' race on restaurant consumers' tipping decisions. Our results indicate that both white and black restaurant customers discriminate against black servers by tipping them less than their white co-workers. Importantly, we find no evidence that this black tip penalty is the result of inter-racial differences in service skills possessed by black and white servers. We conclude by delineating directions for future research in this neglected but salient area of study.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Black–White Earnings Gap among Restaurant Servers: A Replication, Extension, and Exploration of Consumer Racial Discrimination in Tipping

Brewster

Lynn

2014

Sociological Inquiry

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“…A probit regression model shows lower tips for minority drivers and a higher stiffing (i.e., zero tip) rate. In a more recent work, Parrett (2011) uses OLS regression on survey data to compare tips received by male and female servers in restaurants. Discrimination emerges only from customers who rarely frequent the restaurant.…”

Section: Annotated Bibliographymentioning

confidence: 99%

A multidisciplinary survey on discrimination analysis

Romei

Ruggieri

2013

The Knowledge Engineering Review

231

173

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The collection and analysis of observational and experimental data represent the main tools for assessing the presence, the extent, the nature, and the trend of discrimination phenomena. Data analysis techniques have been proposed in the last fifty years in the economic, legal, statistical, and, recently, in the data mining literature. This is not surprising, since discrimination analysis is a multi-disciplinary problem, involving sociological causes, legal argumentations, economic models, statistical techniques, computational issues. The objective of this survey is to provide a guidance and a glue for researchers and anti-discrimination data analysts on concepts, problems, application areas, datasets, methods and approaches from a multidisciplinary perspective. We organize the approaches according to their method of data collection as observational, quasi-experimental and experimental studies. A fourth line of recently blooming research on knowledge discovery based methods is also covered. Observational methods are further categorized on the basis of their application context: labor economics, social profiling, consumer markets, and others.

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“…On the basis of the identity of the discriminator, Becker's model distinguishes employer discrimination (taste in hiring), customer discrimination (taste in buying), and co-employee discrimination (taste in co-operating). Recent analyses of consumer discrimination have been conducted on data from restaurants (Parrett, 2011;Myers, 2007), contact jobs (Combes et al, 2011), retail stores (Leonard et al, 2010), Major League Baseball (Coyne et al, 2010) and taxicab drivers (Ayres et al, 2005). Evidence of correlation between the predominant race of customers and the race of the marginal hired worker has been shown in (Holzer & Ihlanfeldt, 1998).…”

Section: Labour Economic Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Data Analysis: A Multi-disciplinary Bibliography

Romei

Ruggieri

2013

Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics

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Discrimination data analysis has been investigated for the last fifty years in a large body of social, legal, and economic studies. Recently, discrimination discovery and prevention has become a blooming research topic in the knowledge discovery community. This chapter provides a multi-disciplinary annotated bibliography of the literature on discrimination data analysis, with the intended objective to provide a common basis to researchers from a multi-disciplinary perspective.We cover legal, sociological, economic and computer science references

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Customer Discrimination in Restaurants: Dining Frequency Matters

Abstract: Tip, Gender wage gap, Discrimination, J71,

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Black–White Earnings Gap among Restaurant Servers: A Replication, Extension, and Exploration of Consumer Racial Discrimination in Tipping

Black–White Earnings Gap among Restaurant Servers: A Replication, Extension, and Exploration of Consumer Racial Discrimination in Tipping

A multidisciplinary survey on discrimination analysis

Discrimination Data Analysis: A Multi-disciplinary Bibliography

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