Current views on endocytosis in filamentous fungi

Commer, Blake; Shaw, Brian D.

doi:10.1080/21501203.2020.1741471

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Even more nodes were discovered that were unique to individual irradiation sources. α-particle samples had subunits of the actin-related protein 2/3 complex (which is involved in endocytosis and morphogenesis [53]) and synaptobrevin, which is involved in intercellular tra cking.…”

Section: Particle-speci C Transcriptomic Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transcriptomic and phenotypic response of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to ionizing particle exposure

Schultzhaus

Chen

Shuryak

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Fungi can tolerate extremely high doses of ionizing radiation compared with most other eukaryotes, a phenomenon encompassing both the recovery from acute exposure and the growth of melanized fungi in chronically contaminated environments. This observation has led to the use of fungi in radiobiology studies, with the goal of finding novel resistance mechanisms that could assist fields such as nuclear medicine and space biology. As photonic (x-ray and γ-ray) exposure is the most widely available method for irradiation, little work has been done examining how fungi (other than budding yeast) respond to irradiation by ionizing particles (e.g. protons), although particle irradiation may cause distinct cellular damage, and it is more relevant to environmental exposure profiles. Here, we expand on a previous study of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis responding to γ-radiation exposure by characterizing the phenotypic and transcriptomic response to irradiation by three different ionizing particles: protons, deuterons, and α-particles. No significant difference in survival was observed between these strains under any condition, suggesting that melanin does not impart protection to acute irradiation to these particles. The transcriptomic response during recovery to particle exposure was similar to that observed after γ-irradiation, with DNA repair and replication genes upregulated, and genes involved in translation and ribosomal biogenesis being heavily repressed, indicating an attenuation of cell growth. However, a comparison of global gene expression showed clear clustering into particle and γ-radiation groups. The response elicited by particle irradiation was more complex. Compared to the γ-associated response, particle irradiation resulted in greater changes in gene expression, a more diverse set of differentially expressed genes, and a significant induction of gene categories such as autophagy and protein catabolism. Additionally, individual particle responses were analyzed and compared, resulting in the discovery of unique expression signatures and individual genes for each particle type that could be used as radio-nuclide discrimination markers. The strong response we observed here at the gene expression level inprovides insights into the unique types of damage that particle irradiation causes to fungal cells, allowing for future dissection of radiation source-specific resistance mechanisms.

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Section: Particle-speci C Transcriptomic Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transcriptomic and phenotypic response of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to ionizing particle exposure

Schultzhaus

Chen

Shuryak

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Genetic factors and intracellular processes that affect or even control spore germination, hyphal growth, and eventually pellet formation can be grouped into cytoskeletal networks, exocytosis, endocytosis, cell membrane, and cell wall biogenesis. They jointly define hyphal growth and hyphal surface properties, and thus contribute to the development of macromorphologies (for recent reviews, see Cairns et al, 2019; Commer & Shaw, 2020; Miyazawa et al, 2020). Remarkably, systems biology data and gene coexpression networks nowadays allow the prediction and modification of genes to be important for fungal macromorphological developments (Cairns et al, 2019; Fiedler, Cairns, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From spores to fungal pellets: A new high‐throughput image analysis highlights the structural development of Aspergillus niger

Müller

Barthel

Schmideder

et al. 2022

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Many filamentous fungi are exploited as cell factories in biotechnology. Cultivated under industrially relevant submerged conditions, filamentous fungi can adopt different macromorphologies ranging from dispersed mycelia over loose clumps to pellets. Central to the development of a pellet morphology is the agglomeration of spores after inoculation followed by spore germination and outgrowth into a pellet population, which is usually very heterogeneous. As the dynamics underlying population heterogeneity is not yet fully understood, we present here a new high‐throughput image analysis pipeline based on stereomicroscopy to comprehensively assess the developmental program starting from germination up to pellet formation. To demonstrate the potential of this pipeline, we used data from 44 sampling times harvested during a 48 h submerged batch cultivation of the fungal cell factory Aspergillus niger. The analysis of up to 1700 spore agglomerates and 1500 pellets per sampling time allowed the precise tracking of the morphological development of the overall culture. The data gained were used to calculate size distributions and area fractions of spores, spore agglomerates, spore agglomerates within pellets, pellets, and dispersed mycelia. This approach eventually enables the quantification of culture heterogeneities and pellet breakage.

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“…Even more nodes were discovered that were unique to individual irradiation sources. α-particle samples had subunits of the actin-related protein 2/3 complex [which is involved in endocytosis and morphogenesis ( Commer and Shaw, 2020 )] and synaptobrevin, which is involved in intercellular trafficking. Similarly, the deuteron set contained proteins linked to fimbrin, which is involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation, endocytosis, and morphogenesis ( Upadhyay and Shaw, 2008 ), and the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transcriptomic and Phenotypic Response of the Melanized Yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to Ionizing Particle Exposure

et al. 2021

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Fungi can tolerate extremely high doses of ionizing radiation compared with most other eukaryotes, a phenomenon encompassing both the recovery from acute exposure and the growth of melanized fungi in chronically contaminated environments such as nuclear disaster sites. This observation has led to the use of fungi in radiobiology studies, with the goal of finding novel resistance mechanisms. However, it is still not entirely clear what underlies this phenomenon, as genetic studies have not pinpointed unique responses to ionizing radiation in the most resistant fungi. Additionally, little work has been done examining how fungi (other than budding yeast) respond to irradiation by ionizing particles (e.g., protons, α-particles), although particle irradiation may cause distinct cellular damage, and is more relevant for human risks. To address this paucity of data, in this study we have characterized the phenotypic and transcriptomic response of the highly radioresistant yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to irradiation by three separate ionizing radiation sources: protons, deuterons, and α-particles. The experiment was performed with both melanized and non-melanized strains of E. dermatitidis, to determine the effect of this pigment on the response. No significant difference in survival was observed between these strains under any condition, suggesting that melanin does not impart protection to acute irradiation to these particles. The transcriptomic response during recovery to particle exposure was similar to that observed after γ-irradiation, with DNA repair and replication genes upregulated, and genes involved in translation and ribosomal biogenesis being heavily repressed, indicating an attenuation of cell growth. However, a comparison of global gene expression showed clear clustering of particle and γ-radiation groups. The response elicited by particle irradiation was, in total, more complex. Compared to the γ-associated response, particle irradiation resulted in greater changes in gene expression, a more diverse set of differentially expressed genes, and a significant induction of gene categories such as autophagy and protein catabolism. Additionally, analysis of individual particle responses resulted in identification of the first unique expression signatures and individual genes for each particle type that could be used as radionuclide discrimination markers.

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Current views on endocytosis in filamentous fungi

Cited by 21 publications

References 67 publications

The transcriptomic and phenotypic response of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to ionizing particle exposure

The transcriptomic and phenotypic response of the melanized yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to ionizing particle exposure

From spores to fungal pellets: A new high‐throughput image analysis highlights the structural development of Aspergillus niger

The Transcriptomic and Phenotypic Response of the Melanized Yeast Exophiala dermatitidis to Ionizing Particle Exposure

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