Current vaccine updates for lung cancer

Simmons, Olivia; Magee, Mitchell J.; Nemunaitis, John

doi:10.1586/erv.10.12

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Despite recent advances in chemotherapies for refractory SCLC patients, novel treatment modalities, including immunotherapies, still remain to be developed . However, there have been a few reports available regarding immunotherapies against SCLC . For example, a DC‐based vaccine targeting p53 was reported to show a feasible result in a subset of SCLC patients, who had positive immune responses against p53.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunological evaluation of personalized peptide vaccination in refractory small cell lung cancer

et al. 2012

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Since the prognosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains poor, development of new therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapies, would be desirable. In the current study, to evaluate immunological responses in refractory SCLC patients, we conducted a small scale phase II clinical trial of personalized peptide vaccination (PPV), in which vaccine antigens are selected based on pre-existing host immunity. Ten refractory SCLC patients, who had failed to respond to chemo-and/or chemoradiotherapies (median number of regimens, 2.5; median duration, 20.5 months), were enrolled. A maximum of four human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched peptides showing higher antigenspecific humoral responses were subcutaneously administered (weekly for six consecutive weeks and then bi-weekly thereafter). PPV was terminated before the 3rd administration in four patients because of rapid disease progression, whereas the remaining six patients completed at least one cycle (six times) of vaccinations. Peptide-specific immunological boosting was observed in all of the six patients at the end of the first cycle of vaccinations, with their survival time of 25, 24.5 (alive), 10 (alive), 9.5, 6.5, and 6 months. Number of previous chemotherapy regimens and frequency of CD3 + CD26+ cells in peripheral blood were potentially prognostic in the vaccinated patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.540, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.188-5.431, P = 0.016; HR = 0.941, 95% CI = 0.878-1.008, P = 0.084; respectively). Based on the feasible immune responses in refractory SCLC patients who received at least one cycle (six times) of vaccinations, PPV could be recommended for a next stage of largerscale, prospective clinical trials. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 638-644)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1)(2)(3) However, there have been a few reports available regarding immunotherapies against SCLC. (4,5) For example, a DC-based vaccine targeting p53 was reported to show a feasible result in a subset of SCLC patients, who had positive immune responses against p53. However, the induction rate of anti-p53 immunity was relatively low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological evaluation of personalized peptide vaccination in refractory small cell lung cancer

et al. 2012

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“…Lung cancer can be subdivided into two main forms, non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC); the latter is less common, representing around 15% of lung cancers, and is thought to be of neuroendocrine origin 7 . Although originally thought to be poorly immunogenic, there have been recent indications that lung cancer may be amenable to immunotherapy 8,9 . Regarding the participation of NK cells in immunity to lung cancer, in mouse models, stimulation of NK cell function enhanced migration to the lung and protected against lung cancer metastasis 10 and NK cell depletion enhanced lung cancer metastasis 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Although originally thought to be poorly immunogenic, there have been recent indications that lung cancer may be amenable to immunotherapy. 8,9 Regarding the participation of NK cells in immunity to lung cancer, in mouse models, stimulation of NK cell function enhanced migration to the lung and protected against lung cancer metastasis 10 and NK cell depletion enhanced lung cancer metastasis. 11 More indirectly, cigarette smoking has been found to decrease NK cell activity 12 and, in a mouse model, to decrease NK-cell-mediated tumour surveillance, which could be overcome by NK cell stimulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor expression and functional defects in natural killer cells in lung cancer

et al. 2011

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SummaryFrequencies of natural killer (NK) cells from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC) did not differ from healthy controls. A higher proportion of NK cells from NSCLC patients expressed the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) CD158b than in controls (P = 0Á0004), in the presence or absence of its ligand, HLA-C1. A similar result was obtained for CD158e in the presence of its ligand HLA-Bw4 in NSCLC patients (P = 0Á003); this was entirely attributable to the Bw4I group of alleles in the presence of which a fivefold higher percentage of CD158e + NK cells was found in NSCLC patients than controls. Proportions of CD158b + NK cells declined with advancing disease in NSCLC patients. Expression of NKp46, CD25 and perforin A, and production of interferon-c following stimulation with interleukin-12 and interleukin-18, were all significantly lower in NK cells from NSCLC patients than in controls. Both NK cell cytotoxicity and granzyme B expression were also reduced in lung cancer patients. Increased inhibitory KIR expression would decrease NK cell cytotoxic function against tumour cells retaining class I HLA expression. Furthermore, the reduced ability to produce interferon-c would restrict the ability of NK cells to stimulate T-cell responses in patients with lung cancer.

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“…Harnessing the power of the immune response is the most recently applied weapon in the fight against cancer and it has great potential. Many cancer immunotherapeutic vaccines are now in clinical trials [2] and are beginning to show encouraging results. A landmark in cancer immunotherapy, Dendreon's prostate cancer vaccine, sipuleucel-T (Provenge; Seattle, WA, USA) was the first antigen-specific thera peutic cancer vaccine to receive approval, in 2010, from the US FDA [101].…”

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confidence: 99%