Current Utility of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Suppression of Tomato Root-Knot Nematode

Abstract

Effective biosafe management strategies are used to decrease world crop damage produced by plant-parasitic nematodes. This study evaluated the efficiency of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (n-HAP) and mycorrhizal fungi to control the Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plants. Application of n-HAP significantly increased the juveniles’ mortality (195.67%) and egg hatching inhibition percentage (80.71%) compared to the untreated control, in vitro. Mycorrhizal and/or n-HAP treatments increased the plant growth parameters (root and shoot length, dry weight, and leaf area) and reduced the negative consequence of nematode infection. This may be due to indirect mechanisms through increasing plant nutrient uptake efficiency and increasing the internal plant resistance against nematode infection. In dual-treated plants, phosphorus, nitrogen, and calcium content recorded the highest value in the nematode-infected plants. Whereas the dual inoculation significantly increased mineral contents in tomato plants compared with control, this may induce the strength of the cell wall of the epidermal layer and cortex and consequently increase the plant resistance against nematode infection. Our results revealed that the application of the plant resistance-stimulants enhanced the plant growth parameters and internal nutrient content and reduced the nematode’s criteria. Consequently, the internal plant resistance against nematode infection was induced.

Cu-Doped 1D Hydroxyapatite as a Highly Active Catalyst for the Removal of 4-Nitrophenol and Dyes from Water

“…At 565, 602, and 632 cm –1 , the phosphate group’s υ 4 vibration mode was observed. The bands observed at 1635, 3420, and 3570 cm –1 are characteristic to the vibrational modes of the O–H bending, adsorbed lattice water, and O–H stretching, , respectively. The carbonate group is responsible for the appearance of the band around 1456 cm –1 .…”

ZnO Nanoparticle-Mediated Seed Priming Induces Biochemical and Antioxidant Changes in Chickpea to Alleviate Fusarium Wilt

“…Trichoderma is a plant growth-promoting fungus, and it is utilized as a biocontrol agent. Various arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are used as biocontrol agents for plant diseases [ 37 ]. T. harzianum isolate Tr-3 has also been reported as a powerful biocontrol agent against B. cineria and also shows remarkable mycelial growth inhibition of B. cineria in tomato [ 38 ].…”

Microbiome-Mediated Strategies to Manage Major Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato

“…MF with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles or Trichoderma can effectively control RKN. [88,89] To combat soil-borne diseases in tomatoes, microbiomes consisting of bacteria such as Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Pseudomonas as well as actinomycetes, such as Streptomyces, and non-pathogenic fungi, such as Trichoderma, Fusarium, Gliocladium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium, are used. These microbiomes trigger various mechanisms [47,59].…”