Current Use of Gas Chromatography and Applications

Vetter, Walter

doi:10.1002/9783527678129.assep026

Analytical Separation Science 2015

DOI: 10.1002/9783527678129.assep026

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Current Use of Gas Chromatography and Applications

Walter Vetter

Abstract: Over the past 60 years, gas chromatography ( GC ) has been developed into the most powerful separation technique for volatile compounds. This chapter describes milestones in this success story, classic and recent developments in modern instrumentation of GC , current applications and trends as well as future perspectives, and how they fit together. Sections discuss novel stationary phases, comprehensive GC , GC … Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

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Bioassay, determination and separation of enantiomers of atenolol by direct and indirect approaches using liquid chromatography: A review

Batra

Bhushan

2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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Atenolol, a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, is a chiral compound used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and to treat hypertension, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, sinus tachycardia and myocardial infarction, where it acts preferentially upon the β-adrenergic receptors in the heart. It is marketed as a racemate, but only the (S)-enantiomer of (RS)-atenolol is responsible for the β-adrenoceptor blocking activity. Different chromatographic methods have been applied for the separation and determination of enantiomers. In this article a review is presented on liquid chromatographic methods for enantioseparation of (RS)-atenolol by both direct and indirect approaches involving practical applications of several chiral stationary phases, chiral derivatization reagents and ligand exchange and impregnation methods. These include methods using both HPLC and TLC for separation, determination and bioassay of enantiomers of atenolol. In addition, some aspects of enantioseparation under achiral phases of liquid chromatography have been briefly mentioned as applicable to (RS)-atenolol. This review provides current available enantioseparation choices not only for (RS)-atenolol but also for other applicable racemic drugs.

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Bioassay, determination and separation of enantiomers of atenolol by direct and indirect approaches using liquid chromatography: A review

Batra

Bhushan

2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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On the Centenary of Emanuel Gil‐Av, Former Professor of the Weizmann Institute of Science and Pioneer of Enantioselective Chromatography

Schurig

2016

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Emanuel Gil‐Av (Zimkin) was born in 1916 and passed away in 1996. The introduction of chemical selectivity into the chromatographic separation process constitutes his main scientific contribution. This approach culminated in the first enantiomeric separation of racemic amino acids by gas chromatography on an optically active chiral stationary phase in 1966, together with Binyamin Feibush and Rosita Charles‐Sigler. Thus the year 2016 marks an important date to remember and to appreciate the invaluable achievements of Gil‐Av in the realm of chirality carried out at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel.

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Enantioseparations in Achiral Environments and Chromatographic Systems

Martens

Bhushan

2016

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Since the very first resolution of racemic tartaric acid by Pasteur, the importance of resolution and methodology has been on a path of continuous understanding and expansion. The science and chemistry of achieving such targets has changed a lot. The advent of chromatography changed the direction by involving synthetic, semisynthetic, or naturally occurring chiral materials for a direct approach to resolution, where rapid and reversible association occurs to form diastereomers with different stabilities and partition coefficients responsible for overall enantioseparation. It has now reached a stage where the separation of excess enantiomers from nonracemic mixtures has been achieved in a totally achiral environment, which does not appear to be in line with the prevalent concepts of basic stereochemistry. Caution should be exercised when enantiomerically enriched mixtures – obtained by enantioselective synthesis – are chromatographed for purification in preparative organic synthesis.

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Current Use of Gas Chromatography and Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 168 publications

Bioassay, determination and separation of enantiomers of atenolol by direct and indirect approaches using liquid chromatography: A review

Bioassay, determination and separation of enantiomers of atenolol by direct and indirect approaches using liquid chromatography: A review

On the Centenary of Emanuel Gil‐Av, Former Professor of the Weizmann Institute of Science and Pioneer of Enantioselective Chromatography

Enantioseparations in Achiral Environments and Chromatographic Systems

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