Current updates in diagnosis of male urogenital tuberculosis

Kamra, Ekta; Mehta, Promod K

doi:10.1080/14787210.2021.1902305

Cited by 12 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Надо сказать, что зарубежная литература часто не отличается дотошностью анализа данных по больным мочеполовым туберкулезом, в связи с чем четкого представления о структуре нозологии составить невозможно. Растет частота сочетанных форм туберкулеза легких и УГТ, которая не учитывается официальной статистикой [19][20][21]. По данным U. Suank wan et al, из 25 па циентов с орхоэпидидимитом 8 (32%) больных имели также туберкулез органов дыхания [9].…”

Section: структура урогенитального туберкулезаunclassified

Tuberculosis of the testis and its appendages

Kulchavenya

2022

Medicinskij sovet

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Tuberculosis of the genitourinary system has not lost its relevance. During the years of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, the number of newly diagnosed cases of tuberculosis of all localizations has decreased, but their structure has become more severe and mortality has increased. There is a wide variation in the statistics of urogenital tuberculosis (UGT) in the literature. The true incidence of scrotal tuberculosis is not known; at the end of the last century, it was believed that it was 7% of all cases of tuberculosis. It is believed that the share of isolated tuberculosis of the genital organs of men accounts for no more than 30% of all localizations of UGT, and most often tuberculosis develops in the epididymis. The spread of M. tuberculosis to the organs of the scrotum, as a rule, occurs by the hematogenous route from the primary focus in the lungs or kidney. However, the infection can also spread retrogradely from the prostate and seminal vesicles to the epididymis and testicles. Tuberculosis of the testis and its epididymis is often complicated by infertility and the formation of fistulas. This disease has no pathognomonic symptoms. Differential diagnosis is carried out between tuberculous epididymo-orchitis, testicular tumor, testicular torsion, bacterial epididymo-orchitis. Ultrasound examination is of great diagnostic value in tuberculosis of the scrotal organs. The ultrasound picture in tuberculosis of the testis and its epididymis is divided into 4 types: diffuse enlargement, heterogeneous hypoechogenicity; diffuse increase, uniform hypoechogenicity; nodular enlargement, heterogeneous hypoechogenicity; miliary dissemination. The world literature does not describe an example of tuberculosis of the scrotal organs, when the disease would be diagnosed during the patient’s initial visit to the doctor. As a result of late diagnosis or low suspicion for TB, up to 70% of patients undergo unnecessary surgery, although TB orchiepididymitis can be treated medically. The lecture also analyzed a number of clinical observations.

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Section: структура урогенитального туберкулезаunclassified

Tuberculosis of the testis and its appendages

Kulchavenya

2022

Medicinskij sovet

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“…UGTB affects both men and women of reproductive age group in a ratio of 2:1 and leads to a significant morbidity (Mehta and Kamra 2020). UGTB infection occurs primarily after reactivation of latent TB at different sites, that is, lung, lymph node and intestine followed by haematogenous spread to the urogenital organs (Kamra and Mehta 2021; Dahiya et al . 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2022). The main clinical features of male UGTB are sterile pyuria, haematuria, nontender enlarged epididymis and induration of the prostate that ultimately result into renal failure and infertility (Kamra and Mehta 2021). Likewise, primary or secondary infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease and menstrual dysfunctions are the major clinical features of female UGTB (Radhika et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2019; Kamra and Mehta 2021). Identification of acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) by smear microscopy is the most commonly used method but exhibits low sensitivity and cannot differentiate between the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) (Mehta and Kamra 2020; Kamra and Mehta 2021). Although urine culture on Lowenstein‐Jensen (LJ) medium is more sensitive, it is labour intensive and has a prolonged turnaround time of 4–6 weeks that often leads to a delayed treatment (Mehta et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although urine culture on Lowenstein‐Jensen (LJ) medium is more sensitive, it is labour intensive and has a prolonged turnaround time of 4–6 weeks that often leads to a delayed treatment (Mehta et al . 2012; Kamra and Mehta 2021). Similar to other EPTB types, presence of epithelioid cell granuloma with multinucleate giant cell/caseous necrosis by histopathology are important parameters to diagnose UGTB (Mehta and Kamra 2020; Dahiya et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis by multiplex-nested PCR targeting mpt64 (Rv1980c) and IS6110: comparison with multiplex PCR and GeneXpert® MTB/RIF

Kamra

Alam

Singh

et al. 2022

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Significance and Impact of the Study: We developed a multiplex-nested PCR (M-nested PCR) assay targeting mpt64 (Rv1980c) and IS6110 for the diagnosis of male/female urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) patients, which demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity. Notably, M-nested PCR exhibited significantly higher sensitivities, as compared to M-PCR (mpt64 + IS6110) and GeneXpertâ MTB/RIF assay. After validating these data with the larger sample size, our M-nested PCR may develop into a diagnostic kit for routine use.

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