Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Porcine Circovirus 3

Sirisereewan, Chaitawat; Thanawongnuwech, Roongroje; Kedkovid, Roongtham

doi:10.3390/pathogens11010064

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Animal circoviruses, such as porcine circoviruses (PCV) 1-4, have been responsible for reproductive failure, dermatitis, nephropathy, and respiratory diseases in animals (17,18), manifestations not found in the case we report. However, PCV2 associated with cases of jaundice in pigs (19)(20)(21) and hepatitis in a horse have been demonstrated (22).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Circovirus Hepatitis Infection in Heart-Lung Transplant Patient, France

Pérot¹,

Fourgeaud²,

Rouzaud³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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In March 2022, a 61-year-old woman in France who had received a heart-lung transplant sought treatment with chronic hepatitis mainly characterized by increased liver enzymes. After ruling out common etiologies, we used metagenomic next-generation sequencing to analyze a liver biopsy sample and identified an unknown species of circovirus, tentatively named human circovirus 1 (HCirV-1). We found no other viral or bacterial sequences. HCirV-1 shared 70% amino acid identity with the closest known viral sequences. The viral genome was undetectable in blood samples from 2017–2019, then became detectable at low levels in September 2020 and peaked at very high titers (10 10 genome copies/mL) in January 2022. In March 2022, we found >10 8 genome copies/g or mL in the liver and blood, concomitant with hepatic cytolysis. We detected HCirV-1 transcripts in 2% of hepatocytes, demonstrating viral replication and supporting the role of HCirV-1 in liver damage.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Circovirus Hepatitis Infection in Heart-Lung Transplant Patient, France

Pérot¹,

Fourgeaud²,

Rouzaud³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…It is not yet apparent how PCV3 contributes to illness pathogenesis or whether disease-related damage can occur. Additionally, PCV3 has been found in a variety of animals, including wild boar and farmed pigs [ 8 ]. In both healthy and diarrheal pigs in 2019, the unique PCV genotype PCV4 was discovered for the first time [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Porcine Circovirus 1/2/3 and Genetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar from Jiangxi Province of China

Chen

Liu

et al. 2022

Animals

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A number of disorders that harm pig production are linked to porcine circoviruses, including PCV2. PCV2 infection is a substantial contributor to porcine-circovirus-associated illnesses (PCAS) and the post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which have a significant negative economic impact on pig production. Additionally, PCV infection has been labeled as a global concern to cattle and wildlife. This study’s objectives were to examine the prevalence of PCV1/2/3 in Jiangxi Province, China, and to clarify the epidemiological significance of wild boar in PCV epidemiology. The 2020 hunting seasons resulted in the collection of 138 wild boar samples for PCV1/2/3 detection, which was followed by the genetic clarification of PCV2 strains. According to our data, 21.7% (30/138) of the population had PCV1 positivity, 22.5% (31/138) had PCV2 positivity, and 5.8% (8/138) had PCV3 positivity. Additionally, 10 out of 138 wild boar samples had PCV1 and PCV2 co-infections, while 5 out of 138 wild boar samples had PCV2 and PC3 co-infections. Nineteen full-length PCV2 genomes measuring 1767 nt were recovered from various animal tissues using conventional PCR. Eighteen out of nineteen PCV2 strains were identified as PCV2b by phylogenetic tree analysis, which was completed by the reference strain HLJ2015 obtained from domestic pigs in 2015. Additionally, one genotype of PCV2d JX11-2020 (MW889021) shared a sub-branch with the referenced strain TJ (AY181946), which was isolated in domestic pigs in 2002. This finding raises the possibility that domestic pigs could contract PCV2 strains from wild boar, posing a serious threat to the Jiangxi province of China’s pig production industry.

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“…Consequently, in the post-vaccination period metabolic changes were observed in the liver. Those changes are probably associated with lymphocyte-mediated immune responses of cytolysis [36], or vaccine-induced or mediated immune response of hepatocytes to administration of antigen [37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of some immunological and metabolic factors to formation of piglets’ post-vaccination immunity

Дерхо

Burkov

Scherbakov

et al. 2022

Teor. prakt. pererab. mâsa (Print)

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The role and responsibility of natural resistance factors, protein and lipid metabolism in the formation of piglets post-vaccination immunity against circovirus is researched. Blood was taken for tests before and on the 15th, 40th and 70th day after the vaccination. The sampled blood was analyzed to determine immunological and biochemical parameters. It was revealed that before vaccination, 31.46% of the studied samples have a positive reaction in ELISA; their number increases to 67.80–71.16% on the 40th and 70th days after vaccination.In the blood of piglets, especially on the 40th and 70th day after the vaccination, the total count of leukocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes increases by 1.21; 2.28 times and 1.48 times, but neutrophils reduced by 1.74 times along with the phagocytic properties activation. The anabolic directivity of protein metabolism is defined by the synthesis of globulin proteins. At the same time albumin-synthesizing activity in a liver decreased and “cytolysis reaction” of hepatocytes was detected. In the lipid profile of piglets’ blood, the content of LDL‑cholesterol increased by 1.44 times, while that of triglycerides decreased by 2.64 times. X‑ray spectral analysis revealed the correlation between the formation of post-vaccination immunity and two factors: the factor of the principal component (PC) 1, which is predominantly associated with indicators of natural resistance, and PC2, which is associated with metabolism indicators. The research results show that in order to increase the efficiency of formation of post-vaccination immunity in piglets, it is necessary to combine vaccination with hepatoprotective drugs.

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Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Porcine Circovirus 3

Cited by 27 publications

References 67 publications

Circovirus Hepatitis Infection in Heart-Lung Transplant Patient, France

Circovirus Hepatitis Infection in Heart-Lung Transplant Patient, France

Detection of Porcine Circovirus 1/2/3 and Genetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Wild Boar from Jiangxi Province of China

Contribution of some immunological and metabolic factors to formation of piglets’ post-vaccination immunity

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