Current Understanding of Pathogenesis and Treatment of TMJ Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a common disease that can cause severe pain and dysfunction in any joint, including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is an important subtype in the classification of temporomandibular disorders. TMJOA pathology is characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and chronic inflammation in the synovial tissue. However, the exact pathogenesis and process of TMJOA remain to be understood. An increasing number of studies have recently focused on inflammation and remodeling of subchondral bone during the early stage of TMJOA, which may elucidate the possible mechanism of initiation and progression of TMJOA. The treatment strategy for TMJOA aims at relieving pain, preventing the progression of cartilage and subchondral bone destruction, and restoring joint function. Conservative therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, splint, and physical therapy, such as low-energy laser and arthrocentesis, are the most common treatments for TMJOA. These therapies are effective in most cases in relieving the signs and symptoms, but their long-term therapeutic effect on the pathologic articular structure is unsatisfactory. A treatment that can reverse the damage of TMJOA remains unavailable to date. Treatments that prevent the progression of cartilage degradation and subchondral bone damage should be explored, and regeneration for the TMJ may provide the ideal long-term solution. This review summarizes the current understanding of mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and treatment of TMJOA.

Correlation between oral health-related quality of life and clinical dysfunction index in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis

“…These reactions are strongly associated with pain intensity and OHRQoL impairment (2). TMJ OA is pain-related, and TMJ OA patients usually have chronic pain in the TMJ and muscle areas (7). This may explain why the OHRQoL scores for the present TMJ OA patients were associated with pain severity on the HDI, including muscle tenderness, TMJ pain during palpation, and pain during mandibular movement.…”

“…TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is an age-related degenerative joint disease that results in progressive destruction of articular tissues in the TMJ condyle and glenoid fossa (6). TMJ OA is very common and an important subtype of TMD (7). A main cause of TMJ OA is overloading of the TMJ, including Journal of Oral Science, Vol.…”

“…58, No. 4,[483][484][485][486][487][488][489][490]2016 Original malocclusion and oral parafunctional habits (7,8), but most TMJ OA cases are not attributable to overloading, and the reasons for the destruction of articular tissues in such cases have yet to be determined (7).…”

Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of Temporomandibular Joint Arthrocentesis With Clinical And Radiological Findings

“…TMB oldukça yüksek insidansa sahip, ağrı ve ağız açıklığında kısıtlılık gibi sebeplerle günlük hayat kalitesini etkileyen inflamatuar ve dejeneratif hastalıklar grubudur (8,9) . Tüm erişkinlerin üçte birinin hayatının bir döneminde TMB ile ilgili yakınmalarının olabileceği bildirilmiştir (10) .…”

Factores asociados a los trastornos temporomandibulares en adultos de Cuenca, Ecuador

“…No obstante el estudio no coincide con Guarda-Nardini et al, en el 2012 quienes evaluaron el patrón de distribución en edades de 39 a 50 años, con una prevalencia del 40%, evaluados de acuerdo a los Criterios de Diagnósticos de Trastornos Témporomandibulares (RDC/TTM), en donde se manifestó que eran pacientes que acudían con frecuencia en busca de tratamientos de TTM (19). Landi et al, y Wang et al, coinciden en que los signos de los trastornos temporomandibulares aparecen en primer lugar con mayor predominio en adultos jóvenes de 20 a 45 años en un porcentaje del 60 al 70% de la población general, y sólo una de cada cuatro personas con signos son realmente conscientes o reportan síntomas de TTM (20,21).…”