Current Trends of Dermatophytosis in Eastern Odisha

Abstract

Background Dermatophytes are fungi parasitizing structures rich in keratin such as skin, hair, and nail, which leads to a dermal inflammatory response with intense itching and cosmetic disfigurement. The climatic condition of eastern India is predominantly hot and humid with severe rainfalls promoting fungal infection. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis and to isolate and identify the dermatophyte from clinically suspected cases attending tertiary care center. Methodology This study was conducted from April 2018 to March 2019 and a total of 1,200 samples were included. Skin scrapings were collected and examined microscopically using 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount. Culture was performed using Sabouraud dextrose agar and dermatophyte test medium. Speciation was done based on macroscopic and microscopic findings using lactophenol cotton blue staining and some special tests like urease test and slide culture. Results Of 1,200 cases, tinea corporis was the most common clinical presentation. Direct KOH positivity was 89.4% and culture positivity was 61.75%. Trichophyton mentagrophyte (77.5%) was the most common dermatophyte isolated followed by Trichophyton rubrum (13.3%). Conclusion Dermatophytic infections are not serious but their propensity to persist leading to chronicity and disfigurement may have personal and social implications.

Epidemiological Characterization of Dermatomycosis in Ethiopia

“…However, this finding is in contrast to other studies who reported tinea corporis, 21 tinea capitis 29 and tinea cruris 30 as the commonest clinical manifestations than tinea unguium. Tinea capitis is the second most common form of tinea and accounted 24.1% of all dermatomycosis.…”

“…In addition, the maceration of periungual tissue caused by the use of manicure tools can result cross-infection among people who use this service. 27,28 However, this finding is in contrast to other studies who reported tinea corporis, 21 tinea capitis 29 and tinea cruris 30 as the commonest clinical manifestations than tinea unguium. Tinea capitis is the second most common form of tinea and accounted 24.1% of all dermatomycosis.…”

“…Dermatomycosis was higher among females than males except for fingernail infection. Adult' age group (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44) was more affected by dermatomycosis than the other age groups. The high prevalence of tinea corporis occurred in males rather than in females.…”

The clinical type and etiological agents of superficial dermatophytosis: A cross sectional study

“…Antifungal susceptibility studies should be performed as increased and prolonged use of antifungal agents has led to the development of resistance. 9 In our study, the maximum number of subjects were found in the age groups of 21-30 and 31-40 years (37.3% and 22.7% respectively). Similar findings have been noted in studies done by Basak et al, 10 the maximum cases of dermatophytoses were seen in the age group of 21-30 years (25.4%) followed by age group of 31-40 years (20.3%), Walke HR et al, 11 Poluri et al, 12 the highest incidence of dermatophytosis was observed in the age group of 21-40 years, Yadav et al, 13 dermatophytosis was more common in the age group of 21-30 years (30%) followed by 31-40 years (23%), Mishra M 14 and Sen and Raul.…”

Oral Isotretinoin Combined with Oral Terbinafine Versus Oral Terbinafine Alone to Treat Recurrent Dermatophytosis

“…[ 11 22 ] According to some recent studies T. mentagrophytes or interdigitale is more commonly isolated than T. rubrum , indicating a shift in the etiological agent. [ 23 ] However, another study from North India reported T. rubrum as the most common isolate (46.4%). [ 24 ] In our study, none of the samples grew T. rubrum .…”