Current Trends in the Use of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in Europe

Budget impact analysis in economic evaluation: a proposal for a clearer definition

“…Only five articles [1-3, 7, 8] that discussed BIA methods specifically were reviewed according to a list of key points derived from our proposal for Italian pharmacoeconomic guidelines [9]: study perspective, alternatives, time horizon and discounting, costs, effectiveness, results and sensitivity analysis. To make this exercise as useful as possible for budget holders, we tried to highlight the main differences between CEA and BIA, the former being by far the most widely used EE in health care [10,11].…”

Regulating the economic evaluation of pharmaceuticals and medical devices: a European perspective

“…Only about 10% of European pharmacoeconomic studies published in the three years 1995Á/7 produced cost-utility evidence in terms of generic health outcomes (e.g. QALYs) that allow economic comparisons of treatments in different disease areas [2].…”

“…Since 1997, Denmark, England and Wales, Finland and The Netherlands have all introduced official procedures for the use of economic evidence in selected national reimbursement decisions [2]. In addition, Germany is considering such a move [3] and Belgium, France, Italy, Portugal and Spain have all taken the step of introducing methodological guidelines for the conduct of economic evaluation studies [4].…”

Organizational Structure and Educational Components of Pharmacoeconomic Fellowship Programs: A Fellows' Perspective

“…[1][2][3][4][5] As a result, experts and skilled professionals are increasingly required not only to conduct health economic evaluations, but also to interpret and use the data for healthcare decision making. 6,7 In the United States, a number of educational programs have been developed to fulfill this emerging need for expertise in health economics.…”