Current trends in the etiology and diagnosis of <scp>HPV</scp>‐related head and neck cancers

Chai, Ryan C.; Lambie, Duncan; Verma, Mukesh; Punyadeera, Chamindie

doi:10.1002/cam4.424

Cited by 96 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…39,41,42 Third, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is major risk factor for HNSCC, and patients with HPVpositive HNSCC have a better prognosis and response to therapy than patients with HPV-negative HNSCC. 43 However, we only had the HPV status of 7 patients in this study, so we could not evaluate the correlation between imaging findings or clinical outcome and HPV status. Further studies with correlation between tumor response and HPV status in HNSCC would be needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Comparison of Diffusion-weighted MRI at b-values of 1,000 and 2,000 s/mm<sup>2</sup> to Predict Response to Induction Chemotherapy

et al. 2015

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Purpose: Recent publications have reported contradictory results of pretreatment diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for the prediction of chemoradiotherapeutic response in primary squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC). Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of DWI obtained with both standard (b = 0 and 1,000 s/mm 2 ) and high (b = 0 and 2,000 s/mm 2 ) b-values for predicting response to induction chemotherapy in HNSCCs.Methods: For 25 patients with primary HNSCC who underwent DWI with both standard and high b-values prior to treatment, we calculated corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Regions of interest containing the tumor were drawn on every section of ADC maps and summated to make volume-based data of the entire tumor. Histogram parameters (mean ADC, kurtosis, and skewness) were correlated with treatment response using unpaired Student t test. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the ADC parameters, patient age, sex, whole tumor volume, and T stage were also performed to predict tumor response to induction chemotherapy.Results: Response to induction chemotherapy was good in 13 of the 25 patients and poor in 12. The mean ADC values of good responders at standard b-value (ADC 1000 ), 1.23 « 0.34 (© 10 ¹3 mm 2 /s), and high b-value (ADC 2000 ), 0.62 « 0.14 (© 10 ¹3 mm 2 /s), were lower than those of poor responders (ADC 1000 , 1.32 « 0.28 [© 10 ¹3 mm 2 /s]; ADC 2000 , 0.76 « 0.15 [© 10 ¹3 mm 2 /s]), but significant difference was achieved only at the ADC 2000 map (P = 0.02). In addition, mean tumor volume prior to treatment of good responders was smaller than that of poor responders. However, at multiple logistic regression analysis, only the mean ADC 2000 value remained as a significant predictor of response to induction chemotherapy.Conclusion: DWI with high b-values (b = 0 and 2,000 s/mm 2 ) as an assessment of ADC values may help predict tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary HNSCCs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Comparison of Diffusion-weighted MRI at b-values of 1,000 and 2,000 s/mm<sup>2</sup> to Predict Response to Induction Chemotherapy

et al. 2015

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“…Over the last three decades, the high-risk HPV genotypes (hrHPV) have been confirmed as the major etiologic factor of the subset of oropharyngeal SCC, dominating in the western part of the world [14,15]. The significance of hrHPV infection in the development of tumours in oral cavity, hypopharynx and larynx needs to be additionally elucidated [1,2,[16][17][18].…”

Section: Etiopathogenesis Of Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Gale

Poljak

Zidar

2017

Head and Neck Pathol

124

113

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briefly discussed. The most important innovation is brought by the section on precursor lesions, in which a unified twotier classification, consisting of low-and high-grade dysplasia, is introduced. The proposed two-tier system can also be transformed into a three-tier classification for treatment purposes, with a distinction between carcinoma in situ and high-grade dysplasia. The reviewed morphological criteria of the proposed system are based on the amended Ljubljana classification. The section on laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) represents a considerable improvement in terminology and classification. NEC are divided into well-, moderate-and poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The latter is additionally divided into small cell NEC and large cell NEC (LCNEC). It is of extreme importance that LCNEC, which was associated in the WHO 2005 edition with atypical carcinoid/moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, grade II, has now been transferred into the group of poorly differentiated NEC, grade III, displaying a specific morphology and poorer prognosis.

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“…HPV status may provide prognostic information and in future, it may also guide specific treatment decisions [17,19]. However, a standardized procedure for HPV testing remains to be established [6,9,38]. The HPV protein E7 leads to pRb degradation which in turn overexpresses p16.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Meta-analysis of survival in patients with HNSCC discriminates risk depending on combined HPV and p16 status

Coordes

Lenz

Qian

et al. 2015

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Data indicate a better prognosis for human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HPV and p16 detection are established markers for HPV-related HNSCC. Both are accepted as survival-independent predictors. Previous studies investigating the survival in HNSCC patients depending on HPV(+/-) and p16(+/-) status consistently found discordant results with p16(-)/HPV(+) and p16(+)/HPV(-). However, no meta-analysis regarding the survival according to combined HPV/p16 status has been performed yet. The objective of this study was to discriminate the impact of combined HPV(+/-) and p16(+/-) status on survival. Data sources were identification and review of publications assessing survival of the distinct subgroups with both p16 and HPV investigated in HNSCC until February, 2015. A meta-analysis was performed to classify survival and clinical outcomes. 18 out of 397 articles (4424 patients) were eligible for the meta-analysis. The percent proportion of the subgroups was 25 % for HPV(+)/p16(+), 61.2 % for HPV(-)/p16(-), 7.1 % for HPV(-)/p16(+) and 6.8 % for HPV(+)/P16(-). The meta-analysis showed a significantly improved 5-year overall survival (OS), 5-year disease-free survival and their corresponding hazard ratio for HPV(+)/p16(+) HNSCC in comparison to HPV(-)/p16(-), HPV(+)/p16(-) and HPV(-)/p16(+). The 5-year OS of the HPV(-)/p16(+) subgroup was intermediate while HPV(+)/p16(-) and HPV(-)/p16(-) HNSCC had the shortest survival. With current therapeutic strategies, survival of patients with HNSCC is better if associated with HPV(+)/p16(+) or HPV(-)/p16(+). Clinical trials are needed to confirm the distinct survival pattern and to investigate possible differences in survival for HPV(+)/p16(-) and HPV(-)/p16(+) HNSCC. To further differentiate p16(+) HNSCC, HPV testing may be advisable.

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Current trends in the etiology and diagnosis of HPV‐related head and neck cancers

Cited by 96 publications

References 97 publications

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Comparison of Diffusion-weighted MRI at b-values of 1,000 and 2,000 s/mm<sup>2</sup> to Predict Response to Induction Chemotherapy

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Comparison of Diffusion-weighted MRI at b-values of 1,000 and 2,000 s/mm<sup>2</sup> to Predict Response to Induction Chemotherapy

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Meta-analysis of survival in patients with HNSCC discriminates risk depending on combined HPV and p16 status

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