Current trends in targeted therapy for drug-resistant infections

Rahbarnia, Leila; Farajnia, Safar; Naghili, Behrooz; Ahmadzadeh, Vahideh; Veisi, Kamal; Baghban, Roghayyeh; Toraby, Sayna

doi:10.1007/s00253-019-10028-5

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…The development of antibiotics is one of the greatest accomplishments in modern medicine, treating potentially fatal infections [ 1 ]. Nevertheless, the widespread use of antibiotics has led to the selection of resistant isolates, which in turn has resulted in the emergence of multi-drug resistant microorganisms capable of surviving treatment with most or all antibiotics [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogues of a Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptide with a Flexible Linker Show Promising Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

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The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria is becoming a major health concern. New strategies to combat especially Gram-negative pathogens are urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) found in all multicellular organisms act as a first line of defense in immunity. In recent years, AMPs have attracted increasing attention as potential antibiotics. Naturally occurring antimicrobial cyclic lipopeptides include colistin and daptomycin, both of which contain a flexible linker. We previously reported a cyclic AMP BSI-9 cyclo(Lys-Nal-Lys-Lys-Bip-O2Oc-Nal-Lys-Asn) containing a flexible linker, with a broad spectrum of activity against bacterial strains and low hemolytic activity. In this study, improvement of the antimicrobial activity of BSI-9, against the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) strains of S. aureus, E. coli, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa was examined. This led to synthesis of eighteen peptide analogues of BSI-9, produced in four individual stages, with a different focus in each stage; cyclization point, hydrophobicity, cationic side-chain length, and combinations of the last two. Specifically the modified compound 11, exhibited improved activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC of 4 µg/mL and 8 µg/mL, respectively, compared to the original BSI-9, which had an MIC of 16–32 µg/mL.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogues of a Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptide with a Flexible Linker Show Promising Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

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“…Drug resistance considered one of the of the most current public health crises [49], can be acquired through EVs. Lee et al [31] reported that EVs from S. aureus contain β-lactamase, which can be transferred to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria to confer resistance to ampicillin.…”

Section: Transfer Of Drug Resistance and Survival Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of Extracellular Vesicles of Extracellular Pathogens in Contact-Independent Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Castelan-Ramírez,

Hernández-Martínez,

Omaña-Molina

2023

JBNS

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical particles of different sizes and contents that participate in physiological as well as pathogenic processes. According to their size and biogenesis, they are classified into exosomes, ectosomes or microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. The emission of these vesicles is an evolutionarily conserved physiological process carried out by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. This review focuses on EVs emitted by extracellular pathogenic organisms; bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and helminths, which mediate pathogen-host and pathogen-pathogen communication, playing a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of these organisms, forming part of contactindependent pathogenic mechanisms. The participation of EVs in adhesion, cell invasion, immunomodulation, induction of cell damage and death, as well as the transfer of resistance factors, is described through the review of articles published on the PUBMED platform from 2010 to date using the keyword "extracellular vesicles".

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“…Some virulence factors produced by S. aurus play a key role in the escape of infection from the host immune system ( 3 – 6 ). The nasal carriage of S. aureus can be a reservoir for subsequent infections in individuals colonized with this pathogen ( 4 , 5 ). The appearance of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains (methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is now a serious threat in community and hospital settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The high cross-transmission in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus between healthy and patient communities

Sheikhzadeh,

Rahbarnia,

Dehnad

et al. 2023

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the main causes of high mor- tality and morbidity in hospitals. This study was aimed to examine virulence factors, molecular typing, and the antibiotic resistance pattern of MRSA isolates in hemodialysis patients and healthy communities. Materials and Methods: Total of 231 and 400 nasal samples were obtained from hemodialysis patients and healthy com- munities, respectively. Virulence factors profile was examined in two groups by PCR reaction. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC-PCR) was used as a molecular typing approach. Results: Overall, 35.49% (82/231) of hemodialysis patients were positive for S. aureus, and 47.56% (39/82) of isolates were positive for mecA. In a healthy community, 15% (60/400) of samples were positive for S. aureus, and 36.66% (22/60) were positive for mecA. The frequency of MDR was significantly higher in patients group (p-value < 0.00001). The frequency of pvl (p.value = 0.003932, P<0.05) and tsst-1 (p.value = 0.003173, p < .05) were significantly higher in patients group. The highest frequency virulence factors in healthy individuals were related to hla (68.33%, 41/60), hlb (53.33%, 32/60), and Acme/arcA (46.66%) genes. Two groups were clustered by the ERIC-PCR method into 7 clusters and 2 single isolate with a 0.74 similarity index. Based on the results, each cluster was combination with healthy and patient isolates. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a notable variation in the frequency of virulence factors between S. aureus isolates ob- tained from dialysis patients and the healthy community.

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Current trends in targeted therapy for drug-resistant infections

Cited by 11 publications

References 127 publications

Analogues of a Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptide with a Flexible Linker Show Promising Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Analogues of a Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptide with a Flexible Linker Show Promising Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Participation of Extracellular Vesicles of Extracellular Pathogens in Contact-Independent Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

The high cross-transmission in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus between healthy and patient communities

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