Current threats faced by amphibian populations in the southern cone of South America

Pablo, Kacoliris Federico; Berkunsky, Igor; Carlos, Acosta Juan; Rodrigo, Acosta Gonzalez Herik; Gabriela, Agostini María; Sebastián, Akmentins Mauricio; Luz, Arellano María; Soto‐Azat, Claudio; Carla, Bach Nadia; Mirta, Blanco Graciela; Calvo, Rodrigo; Andrés, Charrier; Valeria, Corbalán; Correa, Claudio; Elena, Cuello María; Camila, Deutsch; Diego, Di Pietro; Soledad, Gastón María; Rodrigo, Gómez Alés; Camila, Kass; Nicolás, Kass; Gabriel, Lobos; Agustín, Martínez Tomás; Tomás, Martínez-Aguirre; Marta, Mora; Rodrigo, Nieva-Cocilio; Pastore, Hernán; Manuel, Pérez-Iglesias Juan; Lía, Piaggio Kokot; Felipe, Rabanal; Jesús, Rodriguez-Muñoz Melina; Sanchez, Laura Cecilia; Charif, Tala; Carmen, Úbeda; Vaira, Marcos; Alicia, Velasco Melina; Marcela, Vidal; Daniel, Williams Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126254

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The factors contributing to this research gap in Africa and Central and South America include challenging access to remote areas but mainly a lack of funding for conducting basic and applied research. Thus, as exemplified with Brazil, it is clear that the need for policies incentivizing such studies, including funds and resources, is crucial to unlocking the full potential of these highly biodiverse regions for novel drug discovery and conservation efforts. − ,, …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Patented Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Anurans

García,

Fuentes,

Alonso

et al. 2024

J. Nat. Prod.

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Since the 1980s, studies of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from anuran skin secretions have unveiled remarkable structural diversity and a wide range of activities. This study explores the potential of these peptides for drug development by examining granted patents, amino acid modifications related to patented peptides, and recent amphibians' taxonomic updates influencing AMP names. A total of 188 granted patents related to different anuran peptides were found, with Asia and North America being the predominant regions, contributing 65.4% and 15.4%, respectively. Conversely, although the Neotropical region is the world's most diversified region for amphibians, it holds only 3.7% of the identified patents. The antimicrobial activities of the peptides are claimed in 118 of these 188 patents. Additionally, for 160 of these peptides, 66 patents were registered for the natural sequence, 69 for both natural and derivative sequences, and 20 exclusively for sequence derivatives. Notably, common modifications include alterations in the side chains of amino acids and modifications to the peptides' N-and C-termini. This review underscores the biomedical potential of anuran-derived AMPs, emphasizing the need to bridge the gap between AMP description and practical drug development while highlighting the urgency of biodiversity conservation to facilitate biomedical discoveries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Patented Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Anurans

García,

Fuentes,

Alonso

et al. 2024

J. Nat. Prod.

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“…For the LET criterion, the genera with the highest value are Alsodes, Atelognathus, Calyptocephalella, Eupsophus, Insuetophrynus, Rhinella, Rhinoderma, Telmatobius, and Telmatobufo, which correspond to genera that contain species categorized as highly threatened by mining, the introduction of exotic species, habitat loss, and emerging diseases such as Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Ranavirus [26]. The genera Calyptocephalella, Hylorina, Insuetophrynus, Nannophryne, Rhinoderma, and Telmatobufo stand out for the POPT criterion whose species contain records of decreasing population trends due to local losses and, in the case of C. gayi, human consumption [14]. In the analysis of the Population Projection Dimension, 43% of the genera have a maximum value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data suggests that the population status of 662 amphibian species is declining, which has resulted in a higher percentage of these species being classified as “endangered” on the IUCN Red List [ 12 , 13 ]. Numerous Neotropical amphibian species included in these threat categories face declines and local extinctions brought on by invasive predators, emerging diseases, and livestock disturbance of habitat [ 14 ]. Additionally, the loss of these group’s evolutionary histories is a consequence of species erosion brought on by climate change [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Strategies for Effective Biodiversity Preservation and Species Status of Chilean Amphibians

Vidal,

Henríquez,

Torres-Díaz

et al. 2024

Biology

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Resources are limited in global biodiversity conservation efforts, which emphasizes the significance of setting conservation priorities. Using standardized criteria, we evaluated 58 amphibian species in Chile to determine their conservation priority (CP). Species with insufficient historical data had their values marked as missing. With a median value of p = 1.67, the results demonstrated CP values ranging from p = 0.48 to p = 3.0, classifying species into priority and non-priority groups. Four levels were established for the priority categories: no priority, low priority, medium priority, and high priority. Additionally, the Telmatobiidae and Alsodidae families were identified as two more priority families. Notably, the species with the highest priority were found to be T. halli, T. fronteriensis, T. philippii, T. chusmisensis, A. pehuenche, and Alsodes tumultuosus, where T. philippii and T. fronteriensis have equal priority for conservation at the national level according to the conservation priority analysis. Eight priority families—the Alsodidae, Batrachylidae, Bufonidae, Ceratophryidae, Leptodactylidae, Rhinodermatidae, and Telmatobiidae—were determined, and 14 species—or 24% of the species examined—need further study. Based on the conservation priority analysis, the species T. fronteriensis and T. philippii share the highest priority for conservation at the national level (p = 2.50). With 70% of the amphibians under study being threatened mainly by habitat loss, pollution, and emerging diseases, the creation of conservation categories made the threat assessment process easier. Due to a lack of information on geographic distribution and abundance, quantitatively classifying amphibians in Chile remains difficult. The analysis of conservation priorities and potential extinction threats informs appropriate management strategies.

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“…This approach can be applied to other endangered aquatic species with similar life histories (i.e. restricted ranges and isolated populations), such as the case of southern South America's most critically endangered amphibians (Kacoliris et al, 2022). For example, the minimum number of frogs of different ages could be considered for similar translocation programmes of other species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critically Endangered El Rincon stream frog: Population viability and management actions in Patagonia, Argentina

Velasco

Berkunsky

Pietro

et al. 2022

Aquatic Conservation

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1. The El Rincon stream frog (Pleurodema somuncurense) is a microendemic species currently restricted to the thermal headwaters of the Valcheta Stream in the Somuncura Plateau, Northern Patagonia, Argentina. This species is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The critical status of the El Rincon stream frog requires urgent management actions.2. Population viability analysis is one of the most effective tools to predict extinction risk and assess the potential effect of management actions. It is also helpful in knowing the minimum viable population (MVP) and minimum area requirements (MAR). However, this tool is rarely used to model viability in endangered amphibians. 3. This work aimed to: (i) estimate the extinction risk of each local population of El Rincon stream frogs; (ii) estimate the MVP and MAR; and (iii) model reintroduction and supplementation of the population as management strategies for this species. Practical management actions are also suggested for each relict population. 4. Population viability analyses were developed in Vortex 10.3.5.0 to estimate each local population's extinction risk, MVP and MAR. Supplementation and reinforcement of individuals were also modelled for local populations that are below the MVP. 5. The estimated MVP was 430 individuals, while MAR reached 683 m 2 . Modelling of reintroducing individuals showed that a single reintroduction of at least 50 adults, 140 juveniles, or 1,000 tadpoles would be needed to achieve a viable population. Local populations below the MVP would benefit from supplementation of a pair of adult frogs every 17 to 20 years.6. This study provides a fundamental basis for assessing and improving current management and planning future conservation strategies within the framework of the El Rincon stream frog action plan.

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Current threats faced by amphibian populations in the southern cone of South America

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

A Comprehensive Review of Patented Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Anurans

A Comprehensive Review of Patented Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Anurans

Identifying Strategies for Effective Biodiversity Preservation and Species Status of Chilean Amphibians

The Critically Endangered El Rincon stream frog: Population viability and management actions in Patagonia, Argentina

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