Current Technological Improvements in Enzymes toward Their Biotechnological Applications

Baweja, Mehak; Nain, Lata; Kawarabayasi, Yutaka; Shukla, Pratyoosh

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00965

Cited by 67 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…One approach which has been successfully employed to this end is metagenomics which helps facilitate access to genetic resources from uncultured microorganism (Kennedy et al, 2011;Baweja et al, 2016;Parages et al, 2016). Lipolytic enzymes such as esterases and lipases which catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of ester substrates are widely used in the agrochemical, cosmetics, dairy, detergent, food, paper processing, and pharmaceutical industries amongst others (Jaeger and Eggert, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Cold Active Esterase from a Deep Sea Sponge Stelletta normani Metagenomic Library

et al. 2017

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Esterases catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in fatty acid esters with short-chain acyl groups. Due to the widespread applications of lipolytic enzymes in various industrial applications, there continues to be an interest in novel esterases with unique properties. Marine ecosystems have long been acknowledged as a significant reservoir of microbial biodiversity and in particular of bacterial enzymes with desirable characteristics for industrial use, such as for example cold adaptation and activity in the alkaline pH range. We employed a functional metagenomic approach to exploit the enzymatic potential of one particular marine ecosystem, namely the microbiome of the deep sea sponge Stelletta normani. Screening of a metagenomics library from this sponge resulted in the identification of a number of lipolytic active clones. One of these encoded a highly, cold-active esterase 7N9, and the recombinant esterase was subsequently heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The esterase was classified as a type IV lipolytic enzyme, belonging to the GDSAG subfamily of hormone sensitive lipases. Furthermore, the recombinant 7N9 esterase was biochemically characterized and was found to be most active at alkaline pH (8.0) and displays salt tolerance over a wide range of concentrations. In silico docking studies confirmed the enzyme's activity toward short-chain fatty acids while also highlighting the specificity toward certain inhibitors. Furthermore, structural differences to a closely related mesophilic E40 esterase isolated from a marine sediment metagenomics library are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Cold Active Esterase from a Deep Sea Sponge Stelletta normani Metagenomic Library

et al. 2017

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“…Cold adaptation is currently studied at various molecular levels, including genetics, metagenomics, and proteomics . Crucial steps to elucidate the special metabolic pathways adopted by these microbes to survive under adverse conditions include the isolation and characterization of both the inner cell and membrane components .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Lipid A from a Cold‐Adapted Bacterium: Detailed Structural Characterization

et al. 2017

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Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H is a Gram-negative cold-adapted microorganism that adopts many strategies to cope with the limitations associated with the low temperatures of its habitat. In this study, we report the complete characterization of the lipid A moiety from the lipopolysaccharide of Colwellia. Lipid A and its partially deacylated derivative were completely characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and chemical analysis. An unusual structure with a 3-hydroxy unsaturated tetradecenoic acid as a component of the primary acylation pattern was identified. In addition, the presence of a partially acylated phosphoglycerol moiety on the secondary acylation site at the 3-position of the reducing 2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose unit caused tremendous natural heterogeneity in the structure of lipid A. Biological-activity assays indicated that C. psychrerythraea 34H lipid A did not show an agonistic or antagonistic effect upon testing in human macrophages.

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“…Therefore, most enzymes found in soil and water microbes are not able to display their desired activities under industrial conditions. Therefore, enzymes with desired activities under industrial conditions could be obtained by optimizing the newer technology process conditions and by protein engineering using directed evolution (Baweja et al, 2016).…”

Section: Microbial Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Research, Challenges, and Perspectives of Biotechnology: An Overview

Nguyen

2019

vjas

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Biotechnology is defined as biology-based technology using organisms or their parts to make or modify products or to improve characteristics of plants, animals, and microorganisms for the demands of human beings. Biotechnology profoundly impacts various fields such as agriculture, animal husbandry and veterinary, industry, food science, pharmaceutics and medicine, environment, fine chemistry, biofuels, forensics, and nanotechnology. Nowadays, biotechnology and bioindustries are becoming integral parts of the knowledge-based economy, and therefore, biotechnology has become a powerful and indispensable tool for the development of all countries in the world. As a rule, biotechnology also requires regulatory policies to control genetically modified organisms and derived products to avoid risks to biodiversity, human health, the environment, and ethical issues. This article reviews the current research, challenges, and perspectives of biotechnology as an integration of both life sciences and applied sciences.

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Current Technological Improvements in Enzymes toward Their Biotechnological Applications

Cited by 67 publications

References 93 publications

A Novel Cold Active Esterase from a Deep Sea Sponge Stelletta normani Metagenomic Library

A Novel Cold Active Esterase from a Deep Sea Sponge Stelletta normani Metagenomic Library

Unusual Lipid A from a Cold‐Adapted Bacterium: Detailed Structural Characterization

Current Research, Challenges, and Perspectives of Biotechnology: An Overview

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