Current Status of Tick-Borne Diseases in South Korea

Im, Jae Hyoung; Baek, Ji-Hyeon; Durey, Areum; Kwon, Hea Yoon; Chung, Moon-Hyun; Lee, Jin Soo

doi:10.1089/vbz.2018.2298

Cited by 58 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The disease was first identified in China in 2009 but retrospectively traced back to human cases in 2007 [3,4]. South Korea and Japan both reported their first cases in 2013, and were traced retrospectively to 2010 in South Korea [5][6][7]. Tick-to-human transmission is the primary route by which people are infected with SFTSV, and Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis) ticks act as the main transmission vector [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the global potential transmission hotspots for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome by machine learning methods

Miao

Dai

Zhao

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with increasing spread. Currently SFTS transmission has expanded beyond Asian countries, however, with definitive global extents and risk patterns remained obscure. Here we established an exhaustive database that included globally reported locations of human SFTS cases and the competent vector, Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis), as well as the explanatory environmental variables, based on which, the potential geographic range of H. longicornis and risk areas for SFTS were mapped by applying two machine learning methods. Ten predictors were identified contributing to global distribution for H. longicornis with relative contribution ≥1%. Outside contemporary known distribution, we predict high receptivity to H. longicornis across two continents, including northeastern USA, New Zealand, parts of Australia, and several Pacific islands. Eight key drivers of SFTS cases occurrence were identified, including elevation, predicted probability of H. longicornis presence, two temperature-related factors, two precipitation-related factors, the richness of mammals and percentage coverage of water bodies. The globally model-predicted risk map of human SFTS occurrence was created and validated effective for discriminating the actual affected and unaffected areas (median predictive probability 0.74 vs. 0.04, P < 0.001) in three countries with reported cases outside China. The high-risk areas (probability ≥50%) were predicted mainly in east-central China, most parts of the Korean peninsula and southern Japan, and northern New Zealand. Our findings highlight areas where an intensive vigilance for potential SFTS spread or invasion events should be advocated, owing to their high receptibility to H. longicornis distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the global potential transmission hotspots for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome by machine learning methods

Miao

Dai

Zhao

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…There are three possibilities for seropositivity in Lyme disease: i) co-infection, ii) false positivity in the Lyme disease test, or iii) recrudescence of Lyme disease. Of these, the possibility of co-infection and recrudescence was very low in our case, considering the low incidence of Lyme disease in South Korea [15] and the absence of erythema migrans and arthralgia. The decrease in IgG titer from 1: 256 to 1:64 in 6 weeks also suggests no acute Lyme disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

A case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura associated with scrub typhus

Choi

Chung³

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) may be caused by several allergens. However, to date, HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi has not been reported. Here, we report an unusual rash with features of HSP caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Case presentation: A man visited a tertiary hospital with bilateral symmetrical purpura and fever. He presented with an eschar in the left popliteal fossa and proteinuria. He was diagnosed with tsutsugamushi disease by indirect fluorescent antibody and positive polymerase chain reaction tests. Purpura biopsy demonstrated a feature of leukocytoclastic vasculitis and IgA deposition in dermal vessels, indicative of HSP. Conclusions: When examining patients with unique rashes, such as in this case, we suggest investigating outdoor activities and evidence of mite bites. Furthermore, differential diagnosis of tsutsugamushi disease should be considered when necessary.

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“…Cotte et al showed in their experimental study that potential transmission of B. henselae is possible with Ixodes ricinus ticks [19]. Therefore, one cannot exclude a possibility that SENLAT could have been caused by Ixodes nipponensis, which is frequently observed in Korea [20]. In addition, the water deer may be the source of the tick, but it is not clear, and the natural environment may have been the tick source.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy after tick bite (SENLAT) caused by Bartonella henselae in Korea: a case report

et al. 2020

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Background: Tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) is an infectious disease, mainly caused by species from the spotted fever group rickettsiae and is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes following a tick bite. Among cases of TIBOLA, a case of scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy after tick bite (SENLAT) is diagnosed when an eschar is present on the scalp, accompanied by peripheral lymphadenopathy (LAP). Only a few cases of SENLAT caused by Bartonella henselae have been reported.Case presentation: A 58-year-old male sought medical advice while suffering from high fever and diarrhea. Three weeks before the visit, he had been hunting a water deer, and upon bringing the deer home discovered a tick on his scalp area. Symptoms occurred one week after hunting, and a lump was palpated on the right neck area 6 days after the onset of symptoms. Physical examination upon presentation confirmed an eschar-like lesion on the right scalp area, and cervical palpation revealed that the lymph nodes on the right side were non-painful and enlarged at 2.5 × 1.5 cm. Fine needle aspiration of the enlarged lymph nodes was performed, and results of nested PCR for the Bartonella internal transcribed spacer (ITS) confirmed B. henselae as the causative agent. Conclusion: With an isolated case of SENLAT and a confirmation of B. henselae in Korea, it is pertinent to raise awareness to physicians in other Asian countries that B. henselae could be a causative agent for SENLAT.

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Current Status of Tick-Borne Diseases in South Korea

Cited by 58 publications

References 64 publications

Mapping the global potential transmission hotspots for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome by machine learning methods

Mapping the global potential transmission hotspots for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome by machine learning methods

A case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura associated with scrub typhus

Scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy after tick bite (SENLAT) caused by Bartonella henselae in Korea: a case report

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