Current Status of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Vidalia Onions in Georgia

Riley, David G.; Sparks, Alton N.; Chitturi, Anitha

doi:10.1653/024.097.0203

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The hypothesis was that all stages of thrips would exhibit a biased distribution toward the base of the onion plant, confirming the results of Mo et al (2008). The second objective of this study was to assess the adult thrips distribution under field conditions Georgia where multiple species coexist (Riley et al 2014). A third objective was to characterize thrips' ovipositon (irrespective of species) and percent IYSV positive onion foliage on onion foliage relative to leaf length under field conditions.…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

“…6). This was possibly because of competition between these species on onion (Riley et al 2014). The prevalence of F. fusca in the middle portion of the plant was associated with the leaf fold present during onion growth stages 5-8 (Schwartz 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the species were observed on the onion more during the morning hours between 8:45 to 9:30 a.m. than in the later part of the day, similar to that reported by Sites et al (1991). Based on these limited late season observations, it appears that T. tabaci and F. fusca have a tendency to segregate along leaf length in the field possibly because of thrips competition (Paini et al 2008, Riley et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Leaf sheaths that were dry and unwrapped around the base of the plant were not included. The locations of adults on the plant were recorded by thrips species for every 15 min starting at 8.30 a.m in the morning for 2 h. F. fusca adults were separated from T. tabaci adults based on a 10Â magnification hand lens, so there was limited taxonomic accuracy in the field; however, because of strong color differences between species (Riley et al 2011) and predominance of these two species in Vidalia onions (Riley et al 2014), it was deemed sufficient to test for species segregation on plants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrips Settling, Oviposition and IYSV Distribution on Onion Foliage

Chitturi

Riley

Nischwitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) adult and larval settling and oviposition on onion (Allium cepa L.) foliage were investigated in relation to leaf position and leaf length at prebulb plant growth stages under controlled conditions. In the laboratory, four and six adult females of T. tabaci were released on onion plants at three-leaf stage and six-to eight-leaf stage, respectively, and thrips egg, nymph, and adult count data were collected on each of the three inner most leaves at every 2-cm leaf segment. Thrips settling and oviposition parameters were quantified during the light period on the above ground portion of onion plants from the distal end of the bulb or leaf sheath "neck" through the tips of the foliage. Results from studies confirmed that distribution of thrips adults, nymphs, and eggs were skewed toward the base of the plant. The settling distributions of thrips adults and nymphs differed slightly from the egg distribution in that oviposition occurred all the way to the tip of the leaf while adults and nymphs were typically not observed near the tip. In a field study, the foliage was divided into three equal partitions, i.e., top, middle, basal thirds, and thrips adults by species, primarily Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) and T. tabaci, were collected from each partition to determine if there was a similar bias of all adult thrips toward the base of the plant. The results suggested that adults of different species appear to segregate along leaf length. Finally, thrips oviposition on 2-cm segments and Iris yellow spot virus positive leaf segments were quantified in the field, irrespective of thrips species. Both variables demonstrated a very similar pattern of bias toward the base of the plant and were significantly correlated.

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supporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrips Settling, Oviposition and IYSV Distribution on Onion Foliage

Chitturi

Riley

Nischwitz

et al. 2015

Journal of Economic Entomology

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“…The tospoviruses are transmitted by thrips (Thysanoptera) in a persistent and propagative manner. Out of 7700 known species, only 15 are reported vectors worldwide (Mound, ; Mound & Morris, ; Riley et al ., ). In Argentina, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), Frankiniella schultzei (Tribom), Thrips tabaci (Lindemann) and Frankliniella gemina (Bagnall) are thrips reported vector species (Carrizo, ; de Borbón et al ., ; Carrizo, ; de Borbón et al ., ; Ramallo, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Temporal and spatial dynamics of Tomato spotted wilt virus and its vector in a potato crop in Argentina

Salvalaggio

Lambertini²,

Cendoya

et al. 2017

Annals of Applied Biology

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The nature of spatial and temporal dynamics of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and its vector in a potato crop cv. Innovator without insecticide application is analysed. Seed tuber was analysed for the presence of TSWV as a source of initial inoculum. The presence of plants with symptoms of TSWV was evaluated by visual observation and DAS-ELISA analysis to confirm the virus infection. Thrips species were collected from leaves and inflorescences and identified under stereomicroscope. The distribution of symptomatic plants and thrips species was recorded five times at 14 days intervals. The initial seed tuber infection was of 1.1%. Disease incidence was 0% at 29 days after planting (DAP), 0.2% at 43 DAP, 2.2% at 56 DAP, 11.6% at 70 DAP and 14.6% at 84 DAP. The progress of the disease was adequately described by a Logistic model [y = 0.15/(1 + 1205372.93 × exp (−0.22 × DAP))]. Thrips vector species identified as resident in the crop during the whole cycle were Thrips tabaci (n = 423), Frankliniella occidentalis (n = 141) and as occasional species, F. schultzei (n = 34) and F. gemina (n = 5) were found. At 43 and 56 DAP a random distribution pattern was observed and the thrips species found were T. tabaci (n = 188) and F. occidentalis (n = 105). An aggregated pattern was determined at 70 and 84 DAP. Spatial patterns of the disease spread suggest a polycyclic epidemic with TSWV secondary spread in the potato crop. Multiple control measures were deduced from these epidemiological results like virus testing in tubers, removal of external virus infection sources and thrips control.

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