Current status of the immunology of blood and tissue protozoa

Zuckerman, Avivah

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(77)90095-9

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…This confirms previous observations that the extent of malarial anemia is incommensurate with the level of parasitemia and that some factor(s) other than plasmodial segmentation must therefore be destroying erythrocytes (15). However, in the vaccinated animals the development of anemia was delayed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Protective immunization of the squirrel monkey against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum by use of parasite protein fractions.

Dubois¹,

Dedet²,

Fandeur³

et al. 1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We had previously shown that two polypeptides of Plasmodium falciparum are preferentially recognized by antibodies of resistant squirrel monkeys Saimiri iciureus.Free parasites were isolated from synchronized cultures on human erythrocytes initially inoculated with infected Saimiri erythrocytes. Crude extracts were prepared from mature schizont stages and electrophoresed on preparative NaDodSO4/ polyacrylamide gels. Two groups of five monkeys were immunized with protein fractions eluted from the 75-and 100-kilodalton regions of the gels. Strong protection against challenge by the homologous strain of P. faciparum was induced in both groups. Analysis of specific anti-malarial antibodies revealed a homogeneous response of all the animals against a few polypeptides of the mature parasite. In the present report we describe the vaccination of squirrel monkeys with two partially purified protein fractions isolated from P. falciparum grown in vitro. We have previously reported that drug-controlled infection by P. falciparum (FUP strain) induces a strong protective immunity in squirrel monkeys (9,10

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Protective immunization of the squirrel monkey against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum by use of parasite protein fractions.

Dubois¹,

Dedet²,

Fandeur³

et al. 1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…15 The degree of anemia in malaria is usually correlated with the blood parasite load, especially with rodent malaria parasites. 26 It was surprising, therefore, to find that the onset and degree of anemia in mice infected with P yoelii 265 BY was the same in both control and IFN-treated mice, despite the reduced blood parasite load. As there was a reduced blood parasite load in IFN-␣-treated mice, there was also less lysis of RBCs in these mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the level of parasitemia is usually directly correlated with the degree of malaria-induced anemia, 26 we undertook experiments to understand the dissociation between them in IFN-␣-treated mice (ie, reduced blood parasite load with no reduction in the extent of anemia).…”

Section: Erythropoiesis During Ifn-␣ Treatment Of Malaria Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Plasmodium yoelii blood-stage malaria by interferon α through the inhibition of the production of its target cell, the reticulocyte

Vigário

Belnoue

Cumano

et al. 2001

Blood

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The effect of a recombinant hybrid human interferon ␣ (IFN-␣) (which cross-reacts with murine cells) on C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites or parasitized erythrocytes was determined. IFN-␣ did not inhibit the development of the parasite in the liver, but it did reduce the blood parasite load and the hepatosplenomegaly induced by the infection in mice injected with blood-stage parasites. The extent of anemia in IFN-␣-treated and control mice was similar, despite the lower parasite load in the IFN-␣-treated mice.The reduced blood parasite load in IFN-␣-treated mice was associated with reduced erythropoiesis and reticulocytosis. As reticulocytes are the preferred target cells for the strain of P yoelii used (P yoelii yoelii 265 BY), it was postulated that the inhibition of reticulocytosis in IFN-␣-treated mice was causally related to the observed decreased blood parasite load. This was supported by the finding that IFN-␣ inhibited a different strain of P yoelii (17X clone A), which also displays a tropism for reticulocytes, but not a line of Plasmodium vinckei petteri, which infects only mature red blood cells. As human malaria species also display different tropism for reticulocytes, these findings could be relevant for people co- IntroductionMalaria remains a disease that is estimated to kill 1.5 million to 2.7 million people each year. 1 The parasite and its mosquito vector have become resistant to several drugs in recent years, and this has stimulated a search for new therapeutic strategies. Recombinant cytokines can confer protection against bacterial, viral, and some intracellular parasitic infection. Some of these cytokines can also inhibit the development of the malaria parasite. Recombinant interferon ␥ (IFN-␥) inhibits the development of the liver stage of murine, 2 simian, 3 and human 3,4 malaria in vitro and in vivo. Protection against murine and simian malaria is also obtained after treatment with recombinant (r) IL-12. [5][6][7] Type I interferons were originally described as potent antivirus substances that are produced by animal cells infected with virus. However, the role of type I IFNs in the defense against nonvirus pathogen is much less well studied. 8 IFN type I (IFN-␣ or ␤) inducers, such as Newcastle disease virus, statolon, or polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid, 9-13 and unpurified serum IFN 14 protect against Plasmodium berghei infection. However, the action of IFN-␣ alone is still not known.In this study, we have analyzed the effect of a recombinant human IFN-␣ hybrid that cross-reacts with murine cells on the course and the pathology of infection with different species or strains of rodent Plasmodium, initiated by inoculation with either sporozoites or parasitized erythrocytes. We show that inhibition of parasite-induced reticulocytemia by IFN-␣ influences only parasite species that are restricted to reticulocytes. Our results extend previous observations 15 whose interpretation is complicated by the fact that a corticosteroid, which is a potent immunosuppresso...

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“…Domestic dogs constitute an important reservoir of the infection (1,11,14,19). Similar disease symptoms develop in both humans and canines, including fever, hypergammaglobulinemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and anemia (6,45).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Role of theLeishmania majorRibosomal Protein S3a Homologue in Regulation of T- and B-Cell Activation

Cordeiro-da-Silva

Borges

Guilvard³

et al. 2001

Infect Immun

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Current status of the immunology of blood and tissue protozoa

Cited by 54 publications

References 220 publications

Protective immunization of the squirrel monkey against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum by use of parasite protein fractions.

Protective immunization of the squirrel monkey against asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum by use of parasite protein fractions.

Inhibition of Plasmodium yoelii blood-stage malaria by interferon α through the inhibition of the production of its target cell, the reticulocyte

Dual Role of theLeishmania majorRibosomal Protein S3a Homologue in Regulation of T- and B-Cell Activation

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