Current Status of the Effect of Seawater Ions on Copper Flotation: Difficulties, Opportunities, and Industrial Experience

Cruz, Constanza; Botero, Yesica L.; Jeldres, Ricardo I.; Uribe, Lina; Cisternas, Luís A.

doi:10.1080/08827508.2021.1900175

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…EIS data were examined utilizing equivalent electrical circuits, as shown in Figure 7. (as Cl − ) to the copper surface and/or diffusion process of soluble copper compounds (CuCl2 − ) from the surface into the solution [29][30][31][32][33]. The appearance of diffusion is also considered in the Bode diagram (phase angle vs. log f), where the phase angle amounts around (−45)/(−50°).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the linear aspect of the Nyquist plot suggests a semi-infinite diffusion type for the Cu electrode [29]. The Warburg impedance considers the diffusion of oxygen and diffusion of corrosive species (as Cl − ) to the copper surface and/or diffusion process of soluble copper compounds (CuCl 2 − ) from the surface into the solution [29][30][31][32][33]. The appearance of diffusion is also considered in the Bode diagram (phase angle vs. log f), where the phase angle amounts around (−45 • )/(−50 • ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodeposition, Characterization, and Corrosion Behavior of CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy Thin Films

Popescu¹,

Brânzoi²,

Constantin³

et al. 2021

Coatings

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Potentiostatic electrodeposition was used to obtain CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) thin films on copper substrate. An electrolyte based on a DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide)-CH3CN (acetonitrile) organic compound was used for the HEA deposition. The microstructure of the high-entropy deposits before and after corrosion in artificial seawater was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) investigation. SEM analysis revealed that compact and uniform film consists of compact and uniform 50 nm–5 μm particles that form the HEA films. The successful co-deposition of all five elements was highlighted by the energy dispersive spectrometry investigation (EDS). Electrochemical measurements carried out in an aerated artificial seawater solution under ambient conditions demonstrated the promising potential for application in the field of anti-corrosion protection, due to the protective behavior of the HEA thin films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition, Characterization, and Corrosion Behavior of CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy Thin Films

Popescu¹,

Brânzoi²,

Constantin³

et al. 2021

Coatings

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“…However, an interesting issue is to analyze the consequences in saline environments, such as seawater, due to the continuous development of mining projects that consider low-quality waters. Cruz et al’s recently published critical review [ 37 ] describes the chemical phenomena that dominate chalcopyrite’s flotation process in seawater.…”

Section: Chalcopyrite Flotation Collectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seawater generates particular challenges, considering that its buffer effect does not allow reaching pH 11 with sustainable amounts of reagent [ 37 ]. The precipitation of divalent ions forms hydrophilic species that impairs the floatability of valuable minerals such as molybdenite, making it impossible to operate in highly alkaline conditions.…”

Section: Pyrite Mineral In the Presence Of Chalcopyritementioning

confidence: 99%

Froth Flotation of Chalcopyrite/Pyrite Ore: A Critical Review

et al. 2022

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In the present work an intense bibliographic search is developed, with updated information on the microscopic fundamentals that govern the behavior of flotation operations of chalcopyrite, the main copper mineral in nature. In particular, the effect caused by the presence of pyrite, a non-valuable mineral, but challenging for the operation due to its ability to capture a portion of collector and float, decreasing the quality of the concentrate, is addressed. This manuscript discusses the main chemical and physical mechanisms involved in the phenomena of reagent adsorption on the mineral surface, the impact of pH and type of alkalizing agent, and the effect of pyrite depressants, some already used in the industry and others under investigation. Modern collector reagents are also described, for which, although not yet implemented on an industrial scale, promising results have been obtained in the laboratory, including better copper recovery and selectivity, and even some green reagents present biodegradable properties that generate a better environmental perspective for mineral processing.

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“…A lower-cost option is either the use of raw seawater or partially treated seawater. Raw seawater is generally unsuitable for many processes, particularly flotation, although in some cases where pyrite content is below 3%, raw seawater can be used without affecting copper recovery rates (Castro 2018, Cruz et al 2021.…”

Section: Reduce (R1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the Implementation of Circular Economy Strategies: An Overview of the Current Situation in Mineral Processing

Cisternas

Ordóñez

Jeldres

et al. 2021

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review

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Mining resources have played a leading role in the development of humanity, and the demand for these raw materials is expected to increase in the foreseeable future. In addition, new technologies also require the extraction of new critical materials. These trends pose various challenges as there is a limited supply of natural resources, and standard mining and mineral processing practices are associated with significant environmental impacts, such as waste generation, energy and water consumption, and CO 2 emissions. The circular economy (CE) has recently gained attention as a model to address such a complex scenario. This work analyzes the current efforts towards the application of CE in mineral processing. Although advances have been made, this review shows that the most significant material flows and environmental impacts occur near the production sites, which currently limits the closure of loops. Besides, mining industries are conservative regarding the adoption of new technologies or processing strategies, which is another hindrance to the implementation of the CE. Thus, and with few exceptions, while some sectors are already facing advanced stages of CE (namely, CE 3.0), the mineral processing field struggles to advance from the basic CE requirements (i.e, CE 1.0 to CE 2.0).

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Current Status of the Effect of Seawater Ions on Copper Flotation: Difficulties, Opportunities, and Industrial Experience

Cited by 15 publications

References 71 publications

Electrodeposition, Characterization, and Corrosion Behavior of CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy Thin Films

Electrodeposition, Characterization, and Corrosion Behavior of CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloy Thin Films

Froth Flotation of Chalcopyrite/Pyrite Ore: A Critical Review

Toward the Implementation of Circular Economy Strategies: An Overview of the Current Situation in Mineral Processing

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