Current status of probiotic and related health benefits

Das, Tridip; Pradhan, Shrabani; Chakrabarti, Sudipta; Mondal, Keshab Chandra; Ghosh, Kuntal

doi:10.1016/j.afres.2022.100185

Cited by 99 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Relationships between gut bacterial taxa and age, T2DM risk, and BMI are summarized in Table 2 . Taxa described as butyrate-producers in previous literature are denoted by an asterisk ( Louis and Flint, 2009 ; Vital et al., 2014 ; van den Berg et al., 2021 ; Das et al., 2022 ; Jaagura et al., 2022 ; Lee et al, 2022 ; Sasaki et al., 2022 ). As an exploratory measure, we chose to consider gut bacterial relationships with biometric data at statistical significance of P<0.10 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To better understand this ambiguity and as previous literature has reported strong associations between dietary habits and gut bacterial butyrate metabolism ( Das et al., 2022 ), we investigated whether the relationship between the gut microbiome and host health outcomes may be modulated by fiber consumption, primarily from vegetable sources, as a potential avenue for T2DM risk reduction. To this end, we leveraged known metrics of dietary quality and developed a new dietary score based on self-reported data with a focus on vegetable sources of dietary fiber intake called “VEG 2 ” defined below.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut microbial indicators of metabolic health underlie age-related differences in obesity and diabetes risk among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders

Wells

Kunihiro

Phankitnirundorn

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) suffer from higher prevalence of and mortality to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than any other major race/ethnic group in Hawaii. Health inequities in this indigenous population was further exacerbated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. T2DM progression and medical complications exacerbated by COVID-19 are partially regulated by the gut microbiome. However, there is limited understanding of the role of gut bacteria in the context of inflammation-related diseases of health disparities including T2DM and obesity. To address these gaps, we used a community-based research approach from a cohort enriched with NHPI residents on the island of Oahu, Hawaii (N=138). Gut microbiome profiling was achieved via 16s rDNA metagenomic sequencing analysis from stool DNA. Gut bacterial capacity for butyrate-kinase (BUK)-mediated fiber metabolism was assessed using quantitative PCR to measure the abundance of BUK DNA and RNA relative to total bacterial load per stool sample. In our cohort, age positively correlated with hemoglobin A1c (%; R=0.39; P<0.001) and body mass index (BMI; R=0.28; P<0.001). The relative abundance of major gut bacterial phyla significantly varied across age groups, including Bacteroidetes (P<0.001), Actinobacteria (P=0.007), and Proteobacteria (P=0.008). A1c was negatively correlated with the relative levels of BUK DNA copy number (R=-0.17; P=0.071) and gene expression (R=-0.33; P=0.003). Interestingly, we identified specific genera of gut bacteria potentially mediating the effects of diet on metabolic health in this cohort. Additionally, α-diversity among gut bacterial genera significantly varied across T2DM and BMI categories. Together, these results provide insight into age-related differences in gut bacteria that may influence T2DM and obesity in NHPIs. Furthermore, we observed overlapping patterns between gut bacteria and T2DM risk factors, indicating more nuanced, interdependent interactions among these factors as partial determinants of health outcomes. This study adds to the paucity of NHPI-specific data to further elucidate the biological characteristics associated with pre-existing health inequities in this racial/ethnic group that is significantly underrepresented in biomedical research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial indicators of metabolic health underlie age-related differences in obesity and diabetes risk among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders

Wells

Kunihiro

Phankitnirundorn

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Probiotics are characterized by living microorganisms that benefit the host's health when consumed in moderate amounts [11]. Probiotics, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria, have been reported to improve intestinal health, enhance immunity, and reduce serum cholesterol [11,12]. Recently, as interest in applying probiotics to improve immunity has increased, research on the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics has been actively conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulatory Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Cell-Free Supernatants through the Activation of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kang³

2022

Microorganisms

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can improve host health and has strong potential for use as a health functional food. Specific strains of LAB have been reported to exert immunostimulatory effects. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the immunostimulatory activities of novel LAB strains isolated from humans and foods and to investigate the probiotic properties of these strains. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) obtained from selected LAB strains significantly increased phagocytosis and level of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, which are immunomodulators, was also upregulated by CFS treatment. CFS markedly induced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38). In addition, the safety of the LAB strains used in this study was demonstrated by hemolysis and antibiotic resistance tests. Their stability was confirmed under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Taken together, these results indicate that the LAB strains selected in this study could be useful as probiotic candidates with immune-stimulating activity.

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“…The strain-specific probiotic bioactivities are extensively studied, especially in vitro, whereas very few have tested probiotic efficacy in an animal or human model [ 5 ]. The health-associated benefits of probiotics are related to increasing the food’s nutritional value, intestinal infections regulation, lactase biosynthesis to improve lactose digestion, anti-cancer property and antibiotic therapy, and reducing diarrhea incidence and blood cholesterol [ 14 , 15 ]. The survivability of probiotics is significantly questioned, since the extrinsic and native features such as the production of hydrogen peroxide, post-acidification, oxygen, pH, storage temperature, and processing conditions can greatly reduce their activity [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the LAB taxonomy included 261 species, divided into 26 genera based on their whole genome sequences [ 23 ]. Significant scientific data support the benefits of lactic acid bacteria as probiotics, modulating the gut microbiota due to their ability to compete with pathogens, as well as their immunomodulatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities [ 14 ]. Loigolactobacillus bifermentans ( Lo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading the Functional Potential of Apple Pomace in Value-Added Ingredients with Probiotics

et al. 2022

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Emerging customized designs to upgrade the functional potential of freeze-dried apple pomace was used in this study, in order to transform the industrial by-products into ingredients containing probiotics, for a better and healthier food composition. The freeze-dried apple pomace was analyzed for free and bounded phenolic contents, highlighting a significant level of caffeic acid (4978.00 ± 900.00 mg/100 g dry matter (DM)), trans-cinnamic acid (2144.20 ± 37.60 mg/100 g DM) and quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside (236.60 ± 3.12 mg/100 g DM). The pectin extraction yield was approximatively 24%, with a degree of esterification of 37.68 ± 1.74%, and a methoxyl content of 5.58 ± 0.88%. The freeze-dried apple pomace was added in a different ratio as a supplement to cultural medium of Loigolactobacillus bifermentans MIUG BL 16, suggesting a significant prebiotic effect (p < 0.05) at concentration between 1% and 2%. The apple pomace was used to design three freeze-dried ingredients containing probiotic, with a high level of polyphenolic content (6.38 ± 0.14 mg gallic acid equivalents/g DM) and antioxidant activity (42.25 ± 4.58 mMol Trolox/g DM) for the powder containing apple pomace ethanolic extract. When inulin was used as a prebiotic adjuvant, the obtained powder showed a 6 log/g DM viable cell count. The ingredients were added to fermented vegetable soy milk-based products, allowing us to improve the polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity and viable cell counts. The approach designed in this study allowed us to obtain ingredients suitable to add value to food, whereas premises to align with the current circular economy premises, by reintegrating the industrial waste as sources of high added value compounds, are also provided.

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Current status of probiotic and related health benefits

Cited by 99 publications

References 143 publications

Gut microbial indicators of metabolic health underlie age-related differences in obesity and diabetes risk among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders

Gut microbial indicators of metabolic health underlie age-related differences in obesity and diabetes risk among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders

Immunostimulatory Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Cell-Free Supernatants through the Activation of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells

Upgrading the Functional Potential of Apple Pomace in Value-Added Ingredients with Probiotics

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