Current status of imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Li, Qian; Dhyani, Manish; Grajo, Joseph R.; Sirlin, Claude B.; Samir, Anthony E.

doi:10.4254/wjh.v10.i8.530

Cited by 199 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…All our patients had ultrasound examinations for qualitative assessment of liver steatosis and it was found that a statistically significant difference regarding liver echogenicity detected by ultrasound as 83.33% of our patients in the second group had bright liver. This was in agreement with the study documented by Li et al, (2018) [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Using Fibroscan and its Relation to Insulin Resistance

Gameaa¹,

Hawash²,

Badawi³

et al. 2019

TOBIOMJ

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Background & Aim: Simple hepatic steatosis is a benign condition, but it may cause serious liver damage as it may lead to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. The Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) of fibroscan assesses hepatic steatosis. The aim of this work was to assess hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection using FibroScan and to detect its relation to insulin resistance. Methods: Seventy-seven patients with chronic HBV were enrolled in this study. Body mass index, complete lipid profile, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, pelviabdominal ultrasound and fibroscan were assessed in all patients. Results: According to the presence of significant steatosis, seventy-seven patients enrolled in this study were divided into different groups, such as group I 47 patients (61.04%) with CHB virus infection with non-significant steatosis and group II 30 patients (38.96%) with CHB infection with significant steatosis. There was a statistically significant increase in fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in group II (p-value <0.001). CAP results ranged from 100-396 db/m with no significant difference in liver stiffness measurements in two studied groups (P value= 0.886). There was a significant positive correlation between the degree of hepatic steatosis measured by fibroscan and fasting insulin blood level, HOMA-IR, serum cholesterol and LDL. At cutoff > 222 db/m steatosis measured by fibroscan had a sensitivity of 63.33% and specificity of 82.35% for the detection of insulin resistance. Conclusion: In CHB infected patients, steatosis measurement by fibroscan was a strong predictor of Insulin Resistance (IR) and vice versa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Using Fibroscan and its Relation to Insulin Resistance

Gameaa¹,

Hawash²,

Badawi³

et al. 2019

TOBIOMJ

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“…The spectrum of NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to advanced stages, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis . Different theories have been pointed out, leading initially to the “two‐hit hypothesis.” The first hit is insulin resistance (IR) and lipotoxicity causing hepatocyte injury, but a second hit is needed for chronic liver damage and includes apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation . In patients with NAFLD, both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the insulin signaling pathway and therefore contribute to the maintenance and worsening of IR, inflammation, and fibrosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Specificity Phosphatase 12 Regulates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Through Inhibition of the Lipogenesis and Apoptosis Signal–Regulating Kinase 1 Pathways

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Hepatology

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Due to the growing economic burden of NAFLD on public health, it has become an emergent target for clinical intervention. DUSP12 is a member of the dual specificity phosphatase (DUSP) family, which plays important roles in brown adipocyte differentiation, microbial infection, and cardiac hypertrophy. However, the role of DUSP12 in NAFLD has yet to be clarified. Here, we reveal that DUSP12 protects against hepatic steatosis and inflammation in L02 cells after palmitic acid/oleic acid treatment. We demonstrate that hepatocyte specific DUSP12-deficient mice exhibit high-fat diet (HFD)-induced and high-fat high-cholesterol diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and liver steatosis and decreased insulin sensitivity. Consistently, DUSP12 overexpression in hepatocyte could reduce HFDinduced hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation. At the molecular level, steatosis in the absence of DUSP12 was characterized by elevated apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), which mediates the mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and hepatic metabolism. DUSP12 physically binds to ASK1, promotes its dephosphorylation, and inhibits its action on ASK1-related proteins, JUN N-terminal kinase, and p38 MAPK in order to inhibit lipogenesis under high-fat conditions. Conclusion: DUSP12 acts as a positive regulator in hepatic steatosis and offers potential therapeutic opportunities for NAFLD. (Hepatology 2019;70:1099-1118). SEE EDITORIAL ON PAGE 1091N onalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common diffuse liver disease and is characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption. (1) The prevalence of NAFLD increases worryingly with obesity and other diseases of metabolic syndrome (MS) and is expected to be the leading cause of liver failure in the future. (2) Accumulating studies show that NAFLD not only is linked to an increased risk of liver-related mortality or morbidity

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“…CT parameters used to evaluate fatty liver include the absolute attenuation value (HULiver) and the attenuation value difference between the liver and spleen (HUL-S). An HUliver of 48 and a CTL-S of -2 are the threshold values for a 100% specific diagnosis of moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis ( Figure 3) [28,29].…”

Section: Liver Steatosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Arteriosclerosis is Associated with Common Vascular Risk Factors in Long-Term Survivors of Testicular Cancer

Espíldora-Hernández

Díaz-Antonio

Baena-Espinar

et al. 2020

JCM

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Cardiovascular disease risk is increased in survivors of testicular cancer because of exposure to treatment (chemotherapy and radiotherapy), as well as modification in lifestyle. Our aim was to assess the presence of subclinical arteriosclerosis in survivors of testicular cancer in comparison with a control group. This was a cross-sectional, observational, case–control study including 50 survivors of Germ Cell Tumor (GCT) (14 years of follow-up) and 53 age-matched controls with no cancer. We registered clinical data, cardiovascular risk factors, physical and Mediterranean questionnaires, intima-media thickness and plaque at carotid and femoral arteries by ultrasound, calcium score at the abdominal aorta, and liver steatosis by computed tomography, and applied analytical tests to quantify metabolic risk factors and inflammation markers. Patients showed a trend toward greater intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques than controls, as well as a higher calcium score in the abdominal aorta. Remarkably, patients had higher waist circumference, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and liver steatosis, but lower physical activity and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol than controls (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analyses, only common vascular risk factors were associated with subclinical arteriosclerosis. As a conclusion, in our study, a higher rate of subclinical arteriosclerosis in testicular cancer survivors was associated with classical metabolic risk factors and lifestyle, but not with exposure to chemotherapy.

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Current status of imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 199 publications

References 89 publications

Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Using Fibroscan and its Relation to Insulin Resistance

Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Using Fibroscan and its Relation to Insulin Resistance

Dual Specificity Phosphatase 12 Regulates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Through Inhibition of the Lipogenesis and Apoptosis Signal–Regulating Kinase 1 Pathways

Subclinical Arteriosclerosis is Associated with Common Vascular Risk Factors in Long-Term Survivors of Testicular Cancer

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