Current status of high-efficiency Q.ANTUM technology at Hanwha Q CELLS

Laser processing of materials for renewable energy applications

“…The LFC process developed by Fraunhofer ISE is being commercialized by Hanwha Q-Cells for multicrystalline Si solar cells with passivated rear point contacts, and conversion effi ciencies well above 18% have been demonstrated in a continuously running pilot line. 38…”

Influence of Technological Changes on the Energy Yield of PV Modules: An Outdoor Study

“…Because of the quadratic dependence of the ohmic power losses on the current, the elevated Rs results in an improvement of the relative low light behavior, which is defined as the efficiency at a given irradiance normalized to the efficiency at an irradiance of 1000 W/m². Further informations on the high efficiency Q.ANTUM cell technology are available in [6] and [7]. Figure 7 presents the low light behaviour of a module with Q.ANTUM cells with passivated rear contact (blue) and a Q.PRO-G2 module with Al-BSF cells (red), determined outdoor on a clear day in July.…”

Investigation of metal contacts for silicon solar cells using laser processed 8 μm thick Al foils

“…Since metallization is an important process that significantly determines the cell efficiency and manufacturing cost, the majority of laser processing research has been devoted on laser-assisted contacts. Among various technologies, laser fired contacts (LFC) have long been studied and have already entered industry production lines [3,4]. Laser transferred contacts have also been investigated for solar cell applications [5].…”