Current status of hair analysis in forensic toxicology in China

Yan, Hui; Xiang, Ping; Shen, Min

doi:10.1080/20961790.2021.1921945

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Students should pick up on the development of forensic toxicology; its definition; branches of forensic toxicology; the significance, scope, duties, and responsibilities of forensic toxicologists; and analysis reports. In the same vein, students will become familiar with the terms "absorption", "distribution", "metabolism", and "excretion" [55,56].…”

Section: Forensic Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective on a Vertical Integration Using Electives—Not with a Bang, but a Whimper

Šoša

2022

Trends in Higher Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Following the current trends in medical-curriculum development with an important but poorly represented course in forensic medicine is a rather challenging quest. Given the exceptional opportunity of teaching forensic medicine and anatomy, the author’s experience is shared, bearing in mind the harsh academic-workload standards. In that context, the introduction of (clinically oriented/problem-solving-based) curriculum-specific electives (CSEs) is suggested as a means of vertical integration of medical education. Moreover, it may be time to transfer learning (at least in part) to some other environment, possibly a virtual one. The body of knowledge expected to be learned by all students, the core curriculum, should be alleviated, and all too-specific topics should be transferred to the CSE. Keeping the curriculum attractive to clinicians and interesting for students should be an idea aiming for a fully integrated course. Balance of the core curriculum and CSEs aims to bring forth interaction with clinics and bonds with clinicians. In addition, students’ affinities would be met more adequately.

show abstract

Section: Forensic Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective on a Vertical Integration Using Electives—Not with a Bang, but a Whimper

Šoša

2022

Trends in Higher Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a technique that can realistically reflect the target compound’s spatial distribution in the sample analysis [ 6 , 7 ]. The MSI result may be a valid basis for the formulation of sampling and the basis for explaining the analysis results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to sample a seizure plant: the role of the visualization spatial distribution analysis of Lophophora williamsii as an example

Lin

Kuang

Sun

et al. 2023

Forensic Sciences Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How to sample a seizure plant:the role of visualization spatial distribution analysis of Lophophora williamsii as an exampleAbstract: Natural compounds in plants are often unevenly distributed, and determining the best sampling locations to obtain the most representative results is technically challenging. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) can provide the basis for formulating sampling guideline. For a succulent plant sample, ensuring the authenticity and in situ nature of the spatial distribution analysis results during MSI analysis also needs to be thoroughly considered. In this study, we developed a well-established and reliable MALDI-MSI method based on preservation methods, slice conditions, auxiliary matrices, and MALDI parameters to detect and visualize the spatial distribution of mescaline in situ in L. williamsii. The MALDI-MSI results were validated using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Low-temperature storage at −80°C and drying of ‘bookmarks’ were the appropriate storage methods for succulent plant samples and their flower samples, and cutting into 40μm thick sections at −20°C using gelatin as the embedding medium is the appropriate sectioning method. The use of DCTB (trans-2-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile) as an auxiliary matrix and a laser intensity of 45 are favorable MALDI parameter conditions for mescaline analysis. The region of interest (ROI) semi-quantitative analysis revealed that mescaline is concentrated in the epidermal tissues of L. williamsii as well as in the meristematic tissues of the crown. The study findings not only help to provide a basis for determining the best sampling locations for mescaline in L. williamsii, but they also provide a reference for the optimization of storage and preparation conditions for raw plant organs before MALDI detection.

show abstract

“…For these reasons, hair is a useful forensic aid and is sometimes even the only matrix available as an analytical strategy in DFCs (Kintz, 2007). Hair provides a wider window of detection than other biological samples, such as plasma and urine, as well as valuable retrospective information regarding the history of drug exposure (Xiang et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2021). However, despite the growing application of hair tests, the exact mechanism of drug incorporation into hair and its entry routes are still debated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-segmental analysis of the entry pathway and distribution of zolpidem in hair from different scalp regions after a single dose

Yan

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Hair testing is well established for the assessment of past drug exposure; however, more research is needed to understand drug incorporation mechanisms and drug entry pathways into hair.Method: In this study, a micro-segmental LC–MS/MS method was used to analyze a 0.4 mm segment of hair after a single oral administration of zolpidem. Five single hairs were plucked at 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days after administration from the vertex posterior of three subjects, and 5 single hairs were also plucked from the parietal, left temporal, and right temporal regions of the head at 28 days.Results and discussion: Proximal S1 (0–0.4 mm) in hair plucked at 1 day had the highest level of zolpidem at 1.5–2.4 pg/mm; much lower concentrations (< 1 pg/mm) were detected at proximal S2–S8 (0.4–3.2 mm). The drug concentration decreased gradually in S1 for 7 days after drug intake and disappeared by 28 days, suggesting that the drug from the bloodstream initially combined with the hair follicle and then gradually moved to the hair tip as the hair grew. The zolpidem concentration–hair segment profiles exhibited a large peak (root side) and a small peak (tip side) for the four sampling times in all three subjects, indicating that drug incorporation in the hair bulb occurred mainly from the blood but probably also entered the hair through sweat and sebum. Zolpidem was also detected in all hairs from the vertex posterior in all three subjects but was not detected in 1 hair from the parietal region and 2 hairs from the left temporal region. The consistency in drug detection, drug concentration level, and peak position was better in hair from the vertex posterior than from the other three regions, indicating that the vertex posterior is a suitable sampling region for estimating drug intake.

show abstract

Current status of hair analysis in forensic toxicology in China

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Perspective on a Vertical Integration Using Electives—Not with a Bang, but a Whimper

Perspective on a Vertical Integration Using Electives—Not with a Bang, but a Whimper

How to sample a seizure plant: the role of the visualization spatial distribution analysis of Lophophora williamsii as an example

Micro-segmental analysis of the entry pathway and distribution of zolpidem in hair from different scalp regions after a single dose

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About