Current status of gastrointestinal tract cancer brain metastasis and the use of blood-based cancer biomarker biopsy

Shoji, Yoshiaki; Furuhashi, Satoru; Kelly, Daniel F.; Bilchik, Anton J.; Hoon, Dave S. B.; Bustos, Matías A.

doi:10.1007/s10585-021-10094-y

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Patients having BM comprised 1% and 2% of cases with overall and metastatic GaC, respectively. While much rarer than metastases to other sites like the liver and lung and from other malignancies like melanoma, lung, and breast cancers, BM from GaC is quickly progressing and could markedly deteriorate survival and undermine QoL (40)(41)(42). The overall cumulative death rate increased quickly to 57% at 6 months and 71% at 12 months, with a median overall survival of merely 3 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma: A large comprehensive population-based cohort study on risk factors and prognosis

Huang

Wang²,

Shi³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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AimsAlthough brain metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma (GaC) is rare, it may significantly affect survival and quality of life. The aim of this large, comprehensive, population-based cohort investigation was to investigate factors that were associated with brain metastasis from GaC and to explore the prognostic factors and time-dependent cumulative mortalities among cases with GaC and brain involvement.MethodsPopulation-based information on cases with GaC diagnosed from 2010 to 2016 was obtained from a large-scale database. Factors that were associated with brain metastasis were investigated utilizing multivariable logistic regression. Time-dependent tumor-specific mortalities of cases with GaC and brain involvement were then computed utilizing the cumulative incidence functions (CIFs), and mortalities were compared between subgroups utilizing Gray’s test. Factors that were associated with death were further evaluated utilizing multivariable Fine–Gray subdistribution hazard regression.ResultsTogether, 28,736 eligible cases were included, which comprised 231 (1%) cases with brain metastasis and 10,801 (38%) with metastasis to other sites, encompassing a follow-up of 39,168 person-years. Brain metastasis occurred more often among younger patients (within overall cancers), in cases with stomach cardia tumors, within cases with signet-ring cell carcinoma (within overall cancers), and within cases with positive lymph nodes (within overall tumors); it was less often detected among black people. Brain involvement was associated with more lung and bone metastases. The median survival time of cases having brain metastasis was only 3 months; the 6- and 12-month tumor-specific cumulative mortalities were 57% and 71%, respectively. Among cases with GaC and brain metastasis, those with gastric cardia cancers (when receiving radiotherapy), those undergoing resection, and those receiving chemotherapy had lower mortality risks, while younger patients (when receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy) and people with positive lymph nodes (when receiving radiotherapy) had higher death hazards.ConclusionAmong patients with GaC, brain metastasis was correlated with several clinical and pathological variables, including ethnicity, age, cancer histology, location, lymph node involvement, and metastases to other sites. Cases having brain metastasis had poor survival that was correlated with age, cancer location, lymph node metastasis, and management. These findings offer vital clues for individualized patient care and future mechanistic explorations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma: A large comprehensive population-based cohort study on risk factors and prognosis

Huang

Wang²,

Shi³

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers, including esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer, are major causes of morbidity and mortality globally (Shoji et al 2022 ; Abdul-Latif et al 2020 ). In 2020, CRC, GC, and EC ranked fifth, sixth, and seventh, respectively, among 36 cancers in terms of new deaths (Sung et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SALL4 in gastrointestinal tract cancers: upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms

Wang,

Jin,

Wang

et al. 2024

Mol Med

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Effective therapeutic targets and early diagnosis are major challenges in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers. SALL4 is a well-known transcription factor that is involved in organogenesis during embryonic development. Previous studies have revealed that SALL4 regulates cell proliferation, survival, and migration and maintains stem cell function in mature cells. Additionally, SALL4 overexpression is associated with tumorigenesis. Despite its characterization as a biomarker in various cancers, the role of SALL4 in GIT cancers and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We describe the functions of SALL4 in GIT cancers and discuss its upstream/downstream genes and pathways associated with each cancer. We also consider the possibility of targeting these genes or pathways as potential therapeutic options for GIT cancers.

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“…The diversity of cancer biomarkers further validate that cancer is heterogeneous as represented by several review articles on Detection of Cancer Metastasis: Past, Present and Future [ 10 ]; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy of Melanoma Beyond Histologic Factors [ 11 ]; Detection of Melanoma, Breast Cancer and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer Sentinel Lymph Nodes by Tc-99 m Tilmanocept [ 12 ]; Cancer Neoantigens as Potential Targets for Immunotherapy [ 6 ]; and Current Status of Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Brain Metastasis and the Use of Blood-based Cancer Biomarker Biopsy [ 13 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction: Novel Frontiers in Cancer Metastasis

Leong

Zager

2022

Clin Exp Metastasis

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Current status of gastrointestinal tract cancer brain metastasis and the use of blood-based cancer biomarker biopsy

Cited by 3 publications

References 76 publications

Brain metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma: A large comprehensive population-based cohort study on risk factors and prognosis

Brain metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma: A large comprehensive population-based cohort study on risk factors and prognosis

SALL4 in gastrointestinal tract cancers: upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms

Introduction: Novel Frontiers in Cancer Metastasis

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