Current Status of Fine Needle Aspiration for Thyroid Nodules

Ogilvie, Jennifer B.; Piatigorsky, Eli J.; Clark, Orlo H.

doi:10.1016/j.yasu.2006.06.003

Cited by 93 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Many unnecessary thyroidectomies can be prevented with the routine use of FNAB. Several factors including sampling error, fixation method, presence of non-homogenous nodule and the effect of the interpreter cyto-pathologist affect the success of FNAB (3)(4)(5). In addition, the adequacy of fine needle aspiration biopsy in the assessment of thyroid nodules larger than 4 cm in size is still controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability of fine needle aspiration biopsy in large thyroid nodules

et al. 2017

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Objective: Fine needle aspiration biopsy provides one of the most important data that determines the treatment algorithm of thyroid nodules. Nevertheless, the reliability of fine needle aspiration biopsy is controversial in large nodules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of fine needle aspiration biopsy in thyroid nodules that are four cm or greater. Material and Methods:We retrospectively examined 219 patients files who underwent thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules that were greater than four centimeter between May 2007 and December 2012. Seventy-four patients with hyperthyroidism, and 18 patients without preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology were excluded from the study. Histopathologic results after thyroidectomy were compared with preoperative cytology results, and sensitivity and specificity rates were calculated.Results: False-negativity, sensitivity and specificity rates of fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules were found to be 9.7%, 55.5%, and 85%, respectively. Within any nodule of the 127 patients, 28 (22.0%) had thyroid cancer. However, when only nodules of at least 4 cm were evaluated, thyroid cancer was detected in 22 (17.3%) patients. Conclusion:In this study, fine needle aspiration biopsy of large thyroid nodules was found to have a high falsenegativity rate. The limitations of fine-needle aspiration biopsy should be taken into consideration in treatment planning of thyroid nodules larger than four centimeters.Keywords: Fine needle aspiration biopsy, thyroidectomy, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule ABSTRACT Turk J Surg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the use of fine needle aspiration biopsy, the diagnosis of thyroid cancer can be made with a high sensitivity and specificity, and its routine use prevents many unnecessary surgical operations (2)(3)(4). Although FNAB is the gold standard test, it does have some limitations (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of fine needle aspiration biopsy in large thyroid nodules

et al. 2017

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“…Palpable thyroid nodules occur in 4-7% of the population [53][54][55][56][57][58], and 19-67% of lesions are found incidentally during ultrasonographic examination [6]. Management of thyroid nodules poses a significant challenge.…”

Section: Current Limitations In Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis -Unmet Clinimentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid cancer metabolism: A review

Gill¹

2016

Thyroid Disorders Ther

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Metabolic dysregulation within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical to the process of tumorigenesis in various cancer types. Thyrocyte metabolism in papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancer, however, remains poorly characterized, and studies analyzing the role of multicompartment metabolism in thyrocyte oncogenesis are sparse. We present a review of the current knowledge on cellular metabolism in non-cancerous and cancerous thyroid tissues, focusing on the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT4, and on a transporter of the outer mitochondrial membrane TOMM20. Understanding the metabolic phenotype of tumor cells and associated stromal cells in thyroid cancer can have profound implications on the use of biomarker staining in detecting subclinical cancer, imaging as it relates to expression of various transport proteins, and therapeutic interventions that manipulate this dysregulated tumor metabolism to halt tumorigenesis and eradicate the cancer. Future studies are required to confirm the prognostic significance of these biomarkers and their correlation with existing staging schemas such as the AGES, AMES, ATA and MACIS scoring systems.

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“…If the patient is taking an anticoagulant or antithrombotic, stopping the medication for 3 -10 days is recommended before and after US-FNA (4,5,9,11,17,18). However, performing US-FNA in patients taking anticoagulant or antithrombotic remains controversial and lacking in evidence, such as randomized controlled study (2,4,7,9,16,33). A recent study of 593 patients who underwent US-FNA on a total of 788 neck lesions reported no significant differ- ences in hematoma formation between patients who were on antithrombotic medications and those who were not (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…US-guided fine needle aspiration (US-FNA) biopsy is a safe, accurate, and cost-effective method for the preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules (2,(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). In addition, US is the most suitable method for evaluation of hemorrhagic complications after the procedure (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributory Factors to Hemorrhage After Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Nodules with an Emphasis on Patients Taking Antithrombotic or Anticoagulant Medications

et al. 2018

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Background: Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (US-FNA) biopsy is widely used for evaluation of thyroid nodules. However, few studies have addressed the contributing factors to hemorrhage after US-FNA of thyroid nodules. Objectives: To assess the contributory factors related to patient characteristics, ultrasound (US) features of the thyroid nodules, and the US-FNA procedures to affect hemorrhage complications after US-FNA of thyroid nodules. Methods: Between March 2014 and April 2015, 366 consecutive patients who underwent US-FNA of thyroid nodules were enrolled in this retrospective study. The characteristics of hematomas, including the location, maximum size, and clinical course, were assessed. The relationships between hematomas and factors related to the medical characteristics of patients, US characteristics of the nodules, and FNA procedural factors were analyzed. Results: Data on 365 nodules in 321 patients who underwent US-FNA of thyroid nodules were analyzed. Minor hemorrhagic complications developed in 14 (3.8%) of the 365 nodules. There were no statistically significant differences between patients taking or not taking an anticoagulant or antithrombotic (P = 0.270). Factors related to increased risk of hematoma were male sex (P = 0.031), larger maximum size (P = 0.002), a cystic or predominantly cystic nodule (P < 0.0001), a probable benign nodule (P < 0.0001), thicker needle size (P < 0.0001), and a greater number of the needle passes (P = 0.005). Conclusions: US-FNA can be performed safely even in patients taking anticoagulant or antithrombotic agents. Factors related to hemorrhagic complications are male sex, larger nodules, cystic or predominantly cystic nodules, probably benign nodules, thicker needles and a greater number of needle passes.

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Current Status of Fine Needle Aspiration for Thyroid Nodules

Cited by 93 publications

References 64 publications

Reliability of fine needle aspiration biopsy in large thyroid nodules

Reliability of fine needle aspiration biopsy in large thyroid nodules

Thyroid cancer metabolism: A review

Contributory Factors to Hemorrhage After Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Nodules with an Emphasis on Patients Taking Antithrombotic or Anticoagulant Medications

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