Current Status and Prospects of Spontaneous Peritonitis in Patients with Cirrhosis

Li, Yongtao; Huang, Jianrong; Peng, Meilian

doi:10.1155/2020/3743962

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…In cirrhosis and ascites patients, intestinal permeability is significantly elevated, leading to greater bacterial translocation and a higher risk for SBP. Using NLR as a prognostic/ diagnostic factor for patients in this state of hemodynamic derangement might be especially helpful since they are significantly more susceptible to infection [43]. e results indicate a difference in NLR SBP predictive value in retrospective (p � 0.028) compared to prospective studies (p � 0.965) in hospitalized cirrhotic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis among Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Seyedi¹,

Nabipoorashrafi²,

Hernandez

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Background. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was analyzing published studies on the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in infection and spatially spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) among cirrhotic patients. Methods. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until May 24, 2022. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment. Results. Of 14 studies included in our study, six studies were on infection with 2786 hospitalized cirrhotic patients, of whom 934 developed an infection. Other studies were on SBP with 1573 cirrhotic patients with ascites, of whom 557 developed SBP. The pooled results showed that there was no difference in NLR levels between hospitalized cirrhotic patients who developed infection compared to those who did not (random-effects model: SMD = 0.63, 95% CI = −0.01–1.27, p = 0.054 ). However, cirrhotic patients with ascites who developed SBP had elevated levels of NLR compared to those who did not (random-effects model: SMD = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.52–1.57, p < 0.001 ). This difference remained significant in prospective studies (SMD = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.51–1.38, p < 0.001 ) but not in retrospective studies (SMD = 1.37, 95% CI = −0.56–3.29, p = 0.165 ), in the subgroup analysis according to the study design. The pooled sensitivity of NLR was 92.07% (95% CI = 74.85%–97.84%) and the pooled specificity was 72.58% (95% CI = 57.72%–83.69%). The pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, DOR of NLR were 3.35(95%CI = 2.06–5.46), 0.10 (95%CI = 0.03–0.38), and 30.78 (95%CI = 7.01–135.04), respectively. Conclusion. Our results support NLR to be a valid biomarker that can be readily integrated into clinical settings to help in the prevention and prediction of SBP among cirrhotic patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis among Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Seyedi¹,

Nabipoorashrafi²,

Hernandez

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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“…The quality of all the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) prevalence data appraisal checklist (supplementary file K3) [15] the appraisal set nine (9) parameters that any standard research should meet. A scoring coding system of "zero (0) for NO" and "One (1) for YES" were assigned.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two aetiological primary evolutionary sources of cirrhosis, alcoholic liver cirrhosis and non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis [4] Cirrhosis of the liver has been firmly associated with HBV, and HVC or a coinfection of both (HBV+HCV) [8] [9]. The Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses are the most common cause of viral hepatitis, they are the major non-alcoholic cause of liver cirrhosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Spontaneous Bacteria Peritonitis (SBP) in Hepatitis B (HBV), and Hepatitis C (HCV) Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bello¹,

Irekeola²,

Sameer³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background and Aim: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a common infection in liver cirrhosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis provides detailed information on the prevalence of SBP among HBV and HCV-related liver cirrhosis globally. Methods: A systematic search for articles describing the prevalence of SBP in HBV, and HCV related cirrhosis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Our search returned ten (10) eligible articles involving 1,713 viral cirrhosis cases representing eight (8) countries. A meta-analysis was performed on our eligible studies using the random effect model. A protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022321790). Results: The pooled prevalence of SBP in HBV associated cirrhosis had the highest estimate [8.0% (95% CI, 2.7 – 21.0%; I2= 96.13%; p < 0.001)], followed by SBP in HCV associated liver cirrhosis [4.0% (95% CI, 1.3% – 11.5%; I2 = 88.99%; p < 0.001)]. China (61.8%, CI: 57.1 – 66.3%), the USA (50.0%, CI: 34.6 – 65.4%), and Holland (31.1%, CI: 21.6 – 42.5%) had the highest estimate for SBP in HBV associated liver cirrhosis, SBP in HCV associated liver cirrhosis and SBP in HBV+HCV associated liver cirrhosis respectively. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of SBP in viral hepatitis-associated liver cirrhosis with the year of sampling and method of SBP detection at P<0.001. There was an increase in SBP incidence at the beginning of 2016 across the liver cirrhosis in this study. Conclusion: The findings of this review revealed an increase in the incidence of SBP in viral hepatitis over the last decade, the latter could be due to the global increase in Bacterial resistance. This indicates a possible future rise in the global prevalence of SBP among HBV, and HCV-related liver cirrhosis.

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“…Multiple factors such as gastrointestinal stasis, intestinal bacterial overgrowth, delayed intestinal transport, altered intestinal permeability and immune dysfunction, are involved in the pathogenesis of SBP. 34 Among these 3194 factors, bacterial translocation and infection represent the major cause of SBP occurrence. 35 It is widely appreciated that intestinal bacterial infection can elicit pyroptosis and mediate necroinflammation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pyroptosis-Related Indicators as Potential Biomarkers and Their Association with Severity in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

Wang¹,

Zhan²,

Wu³

et al. 2021

JIR

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The diagnosis and management of liver cirrhosis remain challenging due to its diverse clinical manifestations and elusive severity evaluation. Pyroptosis, an identified inflammatory form of cell death, has recently been reported to participate in cirrhosis development. Nonetheless, the clinical significance of pyroptosis in liver cirrhosis remains largely unexplored. Patients and Methods: One hundred and fifty-one liver cirrhosis patients either alone or in combination with various complications and twenty-nine gender-and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. Pyroptosis-related indicators gasdermin D (GSDMD), IL-1ß and IL-18 were measured by IHC in tissue section and by ELISA in serum, respectively, and correlations of their circulating levels with disease severity as well as their potential as biomarkers for monitoring cirrhosis progression were evaluated. Results: Increased levels of the circulating pyroptosis-related indicators GSDMD, IL-1ß and IL-18 were observed in liver cirrhosis patients, especially those with an etiology of viral infection. In addition, all three indicators were positively correlated with disease severity parameters, including Child-Pugh classification, APRI scores and compensated status. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that circulating IL-1ß exerted potential discriminating power for SBP occurrence in liver cirrhosis, but GSDMD possessed differentiating power for SBP in liver cirrhosis with ascites, which yielded area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81 and 0.80, respectively. Conclusion: Liver cirrhosis patients exhibited increased levels of circulating GSDMD, IL-1ß and IL-18, all of which were positively correlated with disease severity. More importantly, the identified circulating IL-1ß and GSDMD exhibited potentials as novel biomarkers for liver cirrhosis patients presenting with SBP.

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Current Status and Prospects of Spontaneous Peritonitis in Patients with Cirrhosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 143 publications

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis among Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis among Cirrhotic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Prevalence of Spontaneous Bacteria Peritonitis (SBP) in Hepatitis B (HBV), and Hepatitis C (HCV) Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Assessment of Pyroptosis-Related Indicators as Potential Biomarkers and Their Association with Severity in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

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