Current Status and Prospects of Targeted Therapy for Osteosarcoma

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly malignant tumor occurring in bone tissue with a high propensity to metastasize, and its underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. The OS prognosis is poor, and improving the survival of OS patients remains a challenge. Current treatment methods such as surgical approaches, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immunotherapeutic drugs remain ineffective. As research progresses, targeted therapy is gradually becoming irreplaceable. In this review, several treatment modalities for osteosarcoma, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are briefly described, followed by a discussion of targeted therapy, the important targets, and new technologies for osteosarcoma treatment.

Imaging Assessment of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Primary Malignant Bone Tumors: Recent Advances in Qualitative and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Radiomics

“…Third, these criteria may be inconsistent with the efficacy of newly developed chemotherapy drugs. Newly developed chemotherapy drugs, such as new drug delivery systems, immunotherapy, signaling pathway molecular targeting drugs, and drugs regulating the tumor microenvironment, are substantially different from conventional cytotoxic drugs and may have a distinct clinical potential in the treatment of primary malignant bone tumors without changing the tumor volume 32,33 . Finally, changes in tumor volume appeared to be dependent on the type of tumor and could not be generalized for all primary malignant bone tumors.…”

The Use of Hydrogels for the Treatment of Bone Osteosarcoma via Localized Drug-Delivery and Tissue Regeneration: A Narrative Review

“…Inhibitors against PI3K/mTOR have been developed and have shown anti-tumor effects in vitro; however, not all patients carry this mutation. Alternatively, PTEN is a negative regulator of PI3K/mTOR and can serve as a potential target in future trials [ 34 ]. Another common mutation is seen in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a major regulator of angiogenesis and cell growth.…”

Knockdown of PRMT1 suppresses the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells and increases cisplatin sensitivity via c‐Myc‐mediated BCAT1 downregulation

“…It is characterized by high malignancy, high incidence of metastasis, and recurrence. [ 1,2 ] Despite the rising long‐term survival rate of OS patients, mainly due to treatment strategies combining surgery with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, however, the survival rate of OS patients with metastasis is unsatisfactory. [ 3–5 ] More unfortunately, therapeutic resistance leads to major treatment failures.…”