Current status and future prospects of metal–organic frameworks at the interface of dye-sensitized solar cells

Khajavian, Ruhollah; Mirzaei, Masoud; Alizadeh, Hanie

doi:10.1039/d0dt02798g

Cited by 46 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Another important topic is, of course, the role of interfaces and layers in the device stack on performance. However, this goes beyond the scope of this Progress Report, and we would refer readers to reviews written on this topic for a-Si:H PV, [158][159][160][161] DSSCs, [57,[162][163][164] OPV, [165][166][167][168] and lead-halide perovskites. [169][170][171][172] We also note that in the discussion of life cycle analyses, we quote the energy payback time and kg-CO 2eq -kW p −1 values calculated for outdoor light harvesting because these analyses have not been so widely made for IPV applications, and because there is no standard indoor light spectrum or illuminance level, which makes it more difficult to compare the life cycle analyses conducted by different authors.…”

Section: Potential Of Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies To Power Iot D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies for Sustainable Internet of Things

Pecunia

Occhipinti

Hoye

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

158

187

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The Internet of Things (IoT) provides everyday objects and environments with “intelligence” and data connectivity to improve quality of life and the efficiency of a wide range of human activities. However, the ongoing exponential growth of the IoT device ecosystem—up to tens of billions of units to date—poses a challenge regarding how to power such devices. This Progress Report discusses how energy harvesting can address this challenge. It then discusses how indoor photovoltaics (IPV) constitutes an attractive energy harvesting solution, given its deployability, reliability, and power density. For IPV to provide an eco‐friendly route to powering IoT devices, it is crucial that its underlying materials and fabrication processes are low‐toxicity and not harmful to the environment over the product life cycle. A range of IPV technologies—both incumbent and emerging—developed to date is discussed, with an emphasis on their environmental sustainability. Finally, IPV based on emerging lead‐free perovskite‐inspired absorbers are examined, highlighting their status and prospects for low‐cost, durable, and efficient energy harvesting that is not harmful to the end user and environment. By examining emerging avenues for eco‐friendly IPV, timely insight is provided into promising directions toward IPV that can sustainably power the IoT revolution.

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Section: Potential Of Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies To Power Iot D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies for Sustainable Internet of Things

Pecunia

Occhipinti

Hoye

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

158

187

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“…The regeneration of free energy (∆G regen dye ) is a significant factor that can affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency and can be expressed as: (14) where a large ∆G regen dye can promote dye regeneration and increase the J SC [22,48]. As O4 displayed the highest ∆G regen dye , its photoelectrons will be more easily regenerated.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has recently focused on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as dye molecules due to their robustness, porosity, light-harvesting properties, thermal stability, and structural versatility. However, their insulating properties limit their usage [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In the past, Ru-based complexes held the top place for the highest efficiency in DSSCs, of over 11%, but were overtaken first in 2014 by zinc porphyrin compounds, with an efficiency of 13%, and soon afterwards in 2015, by two co-sensitized metal-free organic dyes with an efficiency of 14.30% [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Metal-Free 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Insights from Electron–Hole Separation Distance Analysis

2022

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Herein, some novel metal-free 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds O1–O7 were evaluated for their photovoltaic properties using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations to determine if they can serve as metal-free organic dyes in the use of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To understand the trends in the relative efficiencies of the investigated compounds as dyes in DSSCs, their electron contributions, hole contributions, and electron–hole overlaps for each respective atom and fragment within the molecule were analyzed with a particular focus on the electron densities on the anchoring segments. As transition density matrices (TDM) provide details about the departure of each electron from its corresponding hole during excitations, which results in charge transfer (CT), the charge separation distance (Δr) between the electron and its corresponding hole was studied, in addition to the degree of electron–hole overlap (Λ). The latter, single-point excitation energy of each electron, the percentage electron contribution to the anchoring segments of each compound, the incident-photon-conversion-efficiency (IPCE), charge recombination, light harvesting efficiency (LHE), electron injection (Φinj), and charge collection efficiency (ncollect) were then compared to Δr to determine whether the expected relationships hold. Moreover, parameters such as diffusion constant (Dπ) and electron lifetime (t), amongst others, were also used to describe electron excitation processes. Since IPCE is the key parameter in determining the efficiency, O3 was found to be the best dye due to its highest value.

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“…Herein, the respective research places particular emphasis on the differences in the composition, preparation, morphology, or optimization of the corresponding catalytic materials, and so on. Hence, a variety of Pt-free materials, for instance, carbonaceous materials, − organic conductive polymers, − transition-metal compounds (TMCs), − alloys, , metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), − and multicomponent compounds, − have been extended as CE materials to replace the high-cost Pt. These materials as CEs in DSSCs have many advantages of abundance, low cost, easy synthesis, and high stability with large electrochemical activity for the regeneration reactions of I 3 – /I – .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites of Vanadium (III) Oxide (V₂O₃) Incorporating with Amorphous C as Pt-Free Counter Electrodes for Low-Cost and High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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To replace precious Pt-based counter electrodes (CEs) with a low-cost Pt-free catalyst of CEs is still a motivating hotspot to decrease the fabrication cost of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Herein, four different V 2 O 3 @C composite catalysts were synthesized by pyrolysis of a precursor under N 2 flow at 1100 °C and further served as catalytic materials of CEs for the encapsulation of DSSCs. The precursors of V 2 O 3 @C composites have been prepared via a sol–gel method using different proportions of V 2 O 5 with soluble starch in a H 2 O 2 solution. Power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 3.59, 4.79, 5.15, and 5.06% were obtained from different V 2 O 3 @C composites, with soluble starch-to-V 2 O 5 mass ratios (S/V) of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 4:1, respectively, as CEs to reduce iodide/triiodide in DSSCs. The improvement of electrode performance is due to the combined effects on the increased specific surface area and the enhanced conductivity of V 2 O 3 @C composite catalysts.

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Current status and future prospects of metal–organic frameworks at the interface of dye-sensitized solar cells

Abstract: In this Frontier Article recent progresses and challenges at the interface of metal–organic frameworks and dye-sensitized solar cells are highlighted and discussed.

Cited by 46 publications

References 135 publications

Emerging Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies for Sustainable Internet of Things

Emerging Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies for Sustainable Internet of Things

A Theoretical Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Metal-Free 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Insights from Electron–Hole Separation Distance Analysis

Composites of Vanadium (III) Oxide (V₂O₃) Incorporating with Amorphous C as Pt-Free Counter Electrodes for Low-Cost and High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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Current status and future prospects of metal–organic frameworks at the interface of dye-sensitized solar cells

Abstract: In this Frontier Article recent progresses and challenges at the interface of metal–organic frameworks and dye-sensitized solar cells are highlighted and discussed.

Cited by 46 publications

References 135 publications

Emerging Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies for Sustainable Internet of Things

Emerging Indoor Photovoltaic Technologies for Sustainable Internet of Things

A Theoretical Evaluation of the Efficiencies of Metal-Free 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Insights from Electron–Hole Separation Distance Analysis

Composites of Vanadium (III) Oxide (V2O3) Incorporating with Amorphous C as Pt-Free Counter Electrodes for Low-Cost and High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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Composites of Vanadium (III) Oxide (V₂O₃) Incorporating with Amorphous C as Pt-Free Counter Electrodes for Low-Cost and High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells