Current state of thermoelectric material science and the search for new effective materials

Шерченков, А. А.; Shtern, Yu. I.; Mironov, R. E.; Shtern, M. Yu.; Рогачев, М. С.

doi:10.1134/s1995078015060117

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The unit cell contains 8 transition metal atoms and 24 p-block elements from group 15 (the pnictides). [64] The cell can be divided into eight octants, of which 6 octants are occupied by pnictides leaving two octants empty (Figure 5b). These voids or empty spaces can be filled with different elements: either lanthanides, actinides, alkaline-earth metals, alkali metals, thallium or the metalloids from Group 14.…”

Section: Skutteruditesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

2022

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The pillars of Green Chemistry necessitate the development of new chemical methodologies and processes that can benefit chemical synthesis in terms of energy efficiency, conservation of resources, product selectivity, operational simplicity and, crucially, health, safety, and environmental impact. Implementation of green principles whenever possible can spur the growth of benign scientific technologies by considering environmental, economical, and societal sustainability in parallel. These principles seem especially important in the context of the manufacture of materials for sustainable energy and environmental applications. In this review, the production of energy conversion materials is taken as an exemplar, by examining the recent growth in the energy-efficient synthesis of thermoelectric nanomaterials for use in devices for thermal energy harvesting. Specifically, "soft chemistry" techniques such as solution-based, solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and mechanochemical (ball-milling) methods as viable and sustainable alternatives to processes performed at high temperature and/or pressure are focused. How some of these new approaches are also considered to thermoelectric materials fabrication can influence the properties and performance of the nanomaterials so-produced and the prospects of developing such techniques further.

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Section: Skutteruditesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

2022

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“…The development of new classes of thermoelectric materials is based on a number of concepts, one of which is the idea put forward by Slack that a good thermoelectric should be a substance that conducts electric current well ("electron crystal") and poorly conducts heat ("phonon glass"), the so-called PGEC [253]. On the basis of this idea, such classes of thermoelectric materials as filled scutterudites (for example, Yb x Co 4 Sb 12 ) [254][255][256][257], semiconductor clathrates (Eu 8 Ga 16 Ge 30+x , etc.) [258,259], as well as Goisler half-alloys (in particular, (Zr 0.7 Hf 0.3 ) 0.7 Ti 0.3 NiSn) [260].…”

Section: Characterization Of Properties and Features Of Synthesis Of New Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials By "Wet Chemistry" Methomentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized energy systems based on nanostructured materials

Коваленко¹,

Тугова²,

Попков³

et al. 2021

Nanosystems: Phys. Chem. Math.

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In this paper, the achievements, problems and prospects of creating personalized energy systems based on nanostructured materials are analysed. Various concepts of developing methods and ways of personalized energy provision for autonomous human survival in remote natural habitat, emergency situations of natural disasters and technogenic catastrophes when centralized power supply is unavailable or in an effort to reduce the economic and environmental costs of remote energy production and transportation are also considered. The possibilities and limitations of using traditional and renewable alternative energy sources, processes and devices for extracting, storing and converting their energy into the necessary consumer forms due to fundamental physical laws are discussed as well. The article covers the new nanostructured materials with special functional properties for personalized energy systems development. The mechanisms for formation of the required nanostructures in synthesized materials, especially those with a high content of fractal interfacial formations, are considered as well as methods for studying their structural and phase characteristics that determine the achievability of the specified parameters of model converters and energy storage devices.

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“…Usually the goodness of a TE material is determined by a figure of merit (zT) whose higher value corresponds to higher efficiency. Thus, there is a drive among researchers to increase zT [6] by finding new materials [7,8] or by modifying existing materials via band structure or defect engineering [9][10][11][12][13][14], carrier concentration optimization [15], etc. The TE figure of merit zT is a function of the carrier concentration, and peaks in the range of 10 18 -10 20 cm −3 for most materials, the exact value depending on material and temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a two-parabolic band model for thermoelectric transport modelling using Mg₂Sn as an example

2022

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Thermoelectrics is a field driven by material research aimed at increasing the thermal to electrical conversion efficiency of thermoelectric (TE) materials. Material optimisation is necessary to achieve a high figure of merit (zT) and in turn a high conversion efficiency. Experimental efforts are guided by the theoretical predictions of the optimum carrier concentration for which generally the Single Parabolic Band (SPB) model is used which considers the contribution to electronic transport only from the majority carriers’ band. However, most TE materials reach peak performance (maximum zT) close to their maximum application temperature and when minority carrier effects become relevant. Therefore, single band modelling is insufficient to model the behaviour of TE materials in their most practically relevant temperature range. Inclusion of minority effects requires addition of the minority carrier band and necessitates the use of a two-band model – the simplest and, for most cases, sufficient improvement. In this study, we present a systematic methodology for developing a two-band model using one valence and one conduction band for any TE material. The method utilises the SPB model and a simple cost function-based analysis to extract material parameters like density of states masses, band gap, deformation potential constant etc., based on easily available experimental data. This simple and powerful method is exemplified using Mg2Sn (an end member of the highly popular Mg2(Si,Sn) solid solutions), chosen due to its low band gap and the availability of experimental data in a wide range of dopant concentrations. Using the experimental data for p- and n-type Mg2Sn from literature, a two-band model was obtained and optimum carrier concentration and maximum zT were predicted. At 650 K, pronounced differences between the SPB and the two-band model, which could prevent realisation of maximum zT, were observed demonstrating the practical necessity to model the effect of minority carriers.

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Current state of thermoelectric material science and the search for new effective materials

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

Personalized energy systems based on nanostructured materials

Developing a two-parabolic band model for thermoelectric transport modelling using Mg₂Sn as an example

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Current state of thermoelectric material science and the search for new effective materials

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

Energy‐Saving Pathways for Thermoelectric Nanomaterial Synthesis: Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Microwave‐Assisted, Solution‐Based, and Powder Processing

Personalized energy systems based on nanostructured materials

Developing a two-parabolic band model for thermoelectric transport modelling using Mg2Sn as an example

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Developing a two-parabolic band model for thermoelectric transport modelling using Mg₂Sn as an example