Current State of the Potential Use of Chitosan as Pharmaceutical Excipient

Madureira, Ana Raquel; Sarmento, Bruno; Pintado, Manuela

doi:10.1002/9781119041450.ch9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Due to the presence of free amino groups that can protonate at a pH below 6 (Chicatun et al, 2017;Leedy et al, 2011), CS forms with acids water-soluble salts (Ravi Kumar et al, 2004). The solubility of chitosan depends on the degree of deacetylation (DD) and the molecular weight of the polysaccharide (Madureira et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2020b). Due to its positive charge, chitosan can form complexes with negatively charged compounds, e.g.…”

Section: Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Process Engineering

2022

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Chitosan (CS) is a polysaccharide readily used in tissue engineering due to its properties: similarity to the glycosaminoglycans present in the body, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, antibacterial character and owing to the fact that its degradation that may occur under the influence of human enzymes generates non-toxic products. Applications in tissue engineering include using CS to produce artificial scaffolds for bone regeneration that provide an attachment site for cells during regeneration processes. Chitosan can be used to prepare scaffolds exclusively from this polysaccharide, composites or polyelectrolyte complexes. A popular solution for improving the surface properties and, as a result enhancing cellbiomaterial interactions, is to coat the scaffold with layers of chitosan. The article focuses on a polysaccharide of natural origin -chitosan (CS) and its application in scaffolds in tissue engineering. The last part of the review focuses on bone tissue and interactions between cells and chitosan after implantation of a scaffold and how chitosan's structure affects bone cell adhesion and life processes.

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Section: Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Process Engineering

2022

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“…35 To characterise chitosan, its viscosity is often used, which depends on various parameters such as concentration of chitosan in the solution, temperature, degree of deacetylation. 36 The cationic nature of chitosan distinguishes it from other natural polysaccharides. Due to its positive charge, chitosan has the ability to form complexes with negatively charged compounds, e.g.…”

Section: Physicochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic scaffolds based on chitosan in bone regeneration. A review.

Kołakowska

Gadomska‐Gajadhur

Ruśkowski³

2021

Preprint

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The article focuses on a polysaccharide of natural origin – chitosan and its application in tissue engineering. The preparation process and physicochemical properties of the saccharide are described. The degradation of chitosan and the properties influencing the process both outside and in living organism were examined. Four applications in bone tissue engineering can be distinguished: preparation of cell scaffolds exclusively from chitosan, from a chitosan composite or from a chitosan polyelectrolyte complex. The fourth way is to modify the surface of scaffolds made of other materials by covering them with a layer of chitosan. At the end of the article, the processes taking place after placing the implant inside the body are described, how the structure of chitosan affects the behaviour of bone cells in the adhesion process and life processes.

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Therapy of infected wounds: overcoming clinical challenges by advanced drug delivery systems

Kaiser

Wächter

Windbergs

2021

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

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In recent years, the incidence of infected wounds is steadily increasing, and so is the clinical as well as economic interest in effective therapies. These combine reduction of pathogen load in the wound with general wound management to facilitate the healing process. The success of current therapies is challenged by harsh conditions in the wound microenvironment, chronicity, and biofilm formation, thus impeding adequate concentrations of active antimicrobials at the site of infection. Inadequate dosing accuracy of systemically and topically applied antibiotics is prone to promote development of antibiotic resistance, while in the case of antiseptics, cytotoxicity is a major problem. Advanced drug delivery systems have the potential to enable the tailor-made application of antimicrobials to the side of action, resulting in an effective treatment with negligible side effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of treatment options for the therapy of infected wounds. In this context, a special focus is set on delivery systems for antimicrobials ranging from semi-solid and liquid formulations over wound dressings to more advanced carriers such as nano-sized particulate systems, vesicular systems, electrospun fibers, and microneedles, which are discussed regarding their potential for effective therapy of wound infections. Further, established and novel models and analytical techniques for preclinical testing are introduced and a future perspective is provided. Graphical abstract

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Current State of the Potential Use of Chitosan as Pharmaceutical Excipient

Cited by 3 publications

References 127 publications

Chemical and Process Engineering

Chemical and Process Engineering

Biomimetic scaffolds based on chitosan in bone regeneration. A review.

Therapy of infected wounds: overcoming clinical challenges by advanced drug delivery systems

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