Current state of pharmacology and therapeutics in irritable bowel syndrome with special reference to brain-gut axis

Mishra, Shuddhodan P.; Singh, Alok Kumar; Pandey, B. P.

doi:10.5455/2319-2003.ijbcp20130303

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…This void of effective analgesics in the context of visceral pain is frustrating for all parties involved. The drive to develop new analgesics has started right back to the basic molecular mechanisms of which very little is known ( 60 , 79 ). Basic science and animal models have proved crucial in this effort for future developments of novel visceral analgesics.…”

Section: Visceral Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Visceral Pain: Toward Animal Models of Irritable-Bowel Syndrome and Associated Comorbidities

et al. 2015

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Visceral pain is a global term used to describe pain originating from the internal organs, which is distinct from somatic pain. It is a hallmark of functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable-bowel syndrome (IBS). Currently, the treatment strategies targeting visceral pain are unsatisfactory, with development of novel therapeutics hindered by a lack of detailed knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. Stress has long been implicated in the pathophysiology of visceral pain in both preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we discuss the complex etiology of visceral pain reviewing our current understanding in the context of the role of stress, gender, gut microbiota alterations, and immune functioning. Furthermore, we review the role of glutamate, GABA, and epigenetic mechanisms as possible therapeutic strategies for the treatment of visceral pain for which there is an unmet medical need. Moreover, we discuss the most widely described rodent models used to model visceral pain in the preclinical setting. The theory behind, and application of, animal models is key for both the understanding of underlying mechanisms and design of future therapeutic interventions. Taken together, it is apparent that stress-induced visceral pain and its psychiatric comorbidities, as typified by IBS, has a multifaceted etiology. Moreover, treatment strategies still lag far behind when compared to other pain modalities. The development of novel, effective, and specific therapeutics for the treatment of visceral pain has never been more pertinent.

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Section: Visceral Painmentioning

confidence: 99%